بینش و گرایش فطری انسان به حسن و قبح از دیدگاه علامه جوادی آملی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یکی از راه های کسب معرفت در معرفت شناسی عام، فطرت یا وجدان است. در معرفت شناسی اخلاق، درباره اینکه آیا وجدان اخلاقی وجود دارد یا نه و در صورت وجود داشتن، بینش و گرایش به حسن و قبح اخلاقی دارد یا نه و در صورت دارا بودن بینش، علمش حضوری است یا حصولی، اختلاف است. علامه جوادی آملی معتقدند فطرت انسان یا خلقت خاصی که خداوند بر اساس آن انسان را آفرید، هم از بینش و هم از گرایش برخوردار است. از آنجا که ادله و شواهد ایشان، آیاتی از قرآن کریم است که با رویکرد عقلی تبیین شده است، این مقاله با روش توصیفی تحلیلی به تبیین ادله در دو دسته آیات ناظر به بینش فطری به حسن و قبح و آیات ناظر به گرایش فطری به حسن و قبح پرداخته و حاصلش این شد که چون بینش فطری برخاسته از علم مستقیم و بی واسطه نفس است و نه با واسطه عقل نظری، از قبیل علم حضوری خواهد بود و نه حصولی. و از آنجا که گرایش و تحریک نفس حاصل شأن عامله نفس است که بدان عقل عملی گویند پس نفس از گرایش فطری نیز برخوردار است.The insight and innate tendency of human beings towards beauty and ugliness from the point of view of Allameh Javadi Amoli
One of the ways to acquire knowledge in general epistemology is nature or conscience. In moral epistemology, it is about whether moral conscience exists or not, and if it does, does it have insight and tendency towards moral goodness and ugliness, and if it has insight It is different. Allameh Javadi Amoli believes that human nature or special creation based on which God created man has both vision and tendency. Since their proofs and evidences are verses from the Holy Quran that are explained with a rational approach, this article explains the evidences in two categories of verses referring to the innate vision of goodness and ugliness and verses referring to the innate tendency towards goodness. And the result was that because the natural insight arises from the direct and direct knowledge of the soul and not through the mediation of the theoretical intellect, it will be present and not acquired knowledge. Which is called practical reason - so the soul also has an innate tendency.
One of the ways to acquire knowledge in general epistemology is nature or conscience. In moral epistemology, it is about whether moral conscience exists or not, and if it does, does it have insight and tendency towards moral goodness and ugliness, and if it has insight It is different. Allameh Javadi Amoli believes that human nature or special creation based on which God created man has both vision and tendency. Since their proofs and evidences are verses from the Holy Quran that are explained with a rational approach, this article explains the evidences in two categories of verses referring to the innate vision of goodness and ugliness and verses referring to the innate tendency towards goodness. And the result was that because the natural insight arises from the direct and direct knowledge of the soul and not through the mediation of the theoretical intellect, it will be present and not acquired knowledge. Which is called practical reason - so the soul also has an innate tendency.
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