نقش قرارداد سازنده تجهیزات اصلی (OEM) در صنعت ساختمان مدرن (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
با پیشرفت علم و تکنولوژی و پویایی بازار اقتصاد جهانی، قراردادهای نوین وارد نظام های حقوقی کشورهای درحال توسعه از جمله ایران شده است. اما بخش های ساخت و ساز در مقایسه با سایر صنایع در پذیرش دیجیتالی شدن کندتر بوده اند. ساختمان یکی از محصولات لازم برای هر فعالیت و زندگی اجتماعی است که با توجه به اهداف کاربردی، تخصص های گوناگونی در ساخت آن دخالت دارند که تمام آن از ناحیه شخص واحد ممکن نیست. علاوه بر این، صنعت ساختمان در ایران با سه معضل عدم استحکام، به روز نبودن وسایل گرمایش و سرمایشی یا به طور کلی لوازم خانگی از حیث فن آوری روز و عدم هوشمندی مواجه است. هر کدام از این موارد، برای مالک و دولت، هزینه هنگفتی را ایجاد و مشکلاتی پدید می آورد. در این مقاله به روش توصیفی – تحلیلی ، قرارداد سازنده تجهیزات اصلی به عنوان یکی از راه حلهای این مشکلات بررسی شده و با روش توصیفی، ثابت شد که این قرارداد با قواعد عمومی حقوق قراردادهای ایران کاملاً منطبق است و از حیث تحلیلی نیز نحوه حل مشکل سه گانه مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و روشن شد که این قرارداد در حل هر کدام از این مشکلات می تواند مؤثر باشد. در این تحقیق از خلاصه برداری الکترونیکی با استفاده از نرم افزار Notespeech بهره گرفته شده است.The role of the Original equipment manufacturer (OEM ) contract in the modern construction industry
With the progress of science and technology and the dynamics of the global economic market, new contracts have entered the legal systems of developing countries, including Iran. Construction sectors have been slower to embrace digitalization compared to other industries. Building is one of the necessary products for every activity and social life, which according to the practical goals, various expertises are involved in its construction, which is not possible for a single person. In addition, the construction industry in Iran is facing three problems: lack of strength, lack of up-to-date heating and cooling devices or household appliances in general in terms of modern technology and lack of intelligence. Each of these cases creates a huge cost for the owner and the government. In this article, in a descriptive-analytical way, the original equipment manufacturer's contract was examined as one of the solutions to these problems, and with a descriptive method, it was proved that this contract is completely consistent with the general rules of Iranian contract law, and analytically, the way to solve the problem The trio was analyzed and it became clear that this contract can be effective in solving each of these problems. In this research, electronic summarization using Notespeech software has been used.The original equipment manufacturer contract is a contract in which the product manufactured by one company with the brand of another company is used in the production of goods or product supply. For example, the owner of a registered trademark and brand enters into a contract with a manufacturing company that requires that company to supply its product under the same brand name. The two big automobile industries and the technology industry are among the industries in which the original equipment manufacturer contract is popular.The original equipment manufacturer contract provided a structured framework for manufacturers to produce goods on behalf of other companies, resulting in increased efficiency, cost savings and market access. Any contract is basically concluded to create an obligation to do something. In the text of each contract, obligations are determined for each of the parties that they are obliged to implement.In a market that faces diverse demands and intense competition, companies are more inclined to gain market dominance through new technologies. Because the speed of change can be seen with huge advances in computing power and data analysis. On the other hand, the lack of technological achievements causes a productivity gap in the construction industry. In the original equipment manufacturer contract, manufacturers find a significant opportunity to accelerate productivity increases for their customers through new technology.In today's world, new technologies in the building construction industry not only contribute to economic development, but are also essential for improving the quality of human life. Therefore, in an article published in 2018 by Laczkowski and his colleagues; According to the McKinsey Global Institute analysis, 30% of the lack of productivity in the construction industry can be attributed to the lack of technological achievements.Although smart buildings and subsequently the smart city are not an independent goal in themselves, but rather a strategic and action-oriented concept. However, improving access to suitable housing, energy efficiency, and safe and sustainable buildings are benefits that cannot be easily overlooked. Therefore, the article is compiled in two parts, the first part is related to the description and identification of the main equipment manufacturer's contract, and the second part is related to the role of this contract in the technology of the construction industry. In terms of research history, however, the prevalence of the original equipment manufacturer contract has increased significantly in the second half of the 20th century. But with the more complex and globalization of production processes, not much attention has been paid to this issue and the role of the main equipment manufacturer's contract in construction. Therefore, in this article, which is done in a descriptive-analytical way using library and electrical sources, the role of the main equipment manufacturer's contract in the technology of the construction industry is investigated.Therefore, OEM contracts play an important role in the construction industry by supplying parts, machinery, and technology, and the cooperation and partnership between project construction and OEM contracts is a win-win deal. Considering that the construction field in Iran is facing three challenges, lack of strength, lack of security, and lack of intelligence, which can be solved through the contract of the main equipment manufacturer.
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