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۴۰

چکیده

امروزه تغییر اقلیم و افزایش گرمای جهانی ناشی از افزایش غلظت گازهای گلخانه ای به ویژه گاز دی اکسید کربن یکی از چالش های مهم در بحث توسعه پایدار می باشد. ترسیب کربن در زیست توده گیاهی و خاک های تحت آن، از ساده ترین و از نظر اقتصادی عملی ترین راهکار ممکن به منظور کاهش دی اکسید کربن اتمسفری می باشد. این تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی انباشت کربن خاک در گونه های گیاهی کلیر و کهور ایرانی در منطقه کشتگان شهرستان سراوان انجام شد. بدین منظور نمونه های خاک از عمق صفر تا 30 سانتی متری زیر تاج پوشش گونه های گیاهی کلیر و کهورایرانی و منطقه شاهد (بدون پوشش گیاهی) از هر ناحیه 20 نمونه به صورت تصادفی برداشت گردید و میزان انباشت کربن خاک، وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک، اسیدیته، شوری، درصد رس، سیلت و شن اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان انباشت کربن خاک در منطقه تحت پوشش گونه گیاهی کلیر (1/32 تن در هکتار) به طور معنی داری (p<0.01) بیشتر از منطقه تحت پوشش گونه گیاهی کهور ایرانی (0/75 تن در هکتار) و منطقه شاهد (0/25 تن در هکتار) بود. محتوی ماده آلی خاک و درصد شن در زیر سایه انداز هر دو گونه گیاهی بیشتر از شاهد بود. با توجه به نتایج می توان اظهار داشت که وجود گونه های گیاهی سبب افزایش میزان انباشت کربن خاک و در نتیجه تعدیل گرمایش جهانی می شود.

Evaluation of soil carbon accumulation potential of Capparis decidua and Prosopis cineraria species (Case study: Keshtegan, Saravan)

Introduction: Nowadays, climate change and global warming caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, is one of the major challenges facing sustainable development. Carbon accumulation in plant biomass and soils is the simplest and economically way to reduce levels of this atmospheric gas. No research has been done on the assessment of the potential of soil carbon deposition and accumulation in the Capparis decidua and Prosopis cineraria species. Data and Methodology: The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil carbon accumulation in Capparis decidua and Prosopis cineraria plant species in Keshtegan of Saravan, Iran. Therefore, in order to determine the amount of carbon stored in the soil, soil sampling was done by random-systematic method. One hundered-meter transects were randomly selected in the study areas and sampling points were dug at similar intervals along the transect for sampling.Soil samples were taken from depth of 0 to 30 centimeters under the canopy of Capparis decidua and Prosopis cineraria and bare soil as control (20 samples from each area). Soil organic carbon, soil bulk density, pH, salinity and content of clay, silt and sand were recorded. Description and Interpretation of Results: The analysis of the data showed that there is a significant difference between the investigated treatments in terms of the amount of clay, organic carbon and carbon accumulation. The average comparison results showed that there is a significant difference between the soil covered by plant species and the soil of the control area. The amount of soil carbon accumulated in the area covered by Capparis decidua (1.32 tons per hectare) was significantly higher than that in area covered by Prosopis cineraria (0.75 tons per hectare) and the control area (0.25 tons per hectare). It shows the positive effect of two plant species on the amount of soil carbon accumulation. The average amount of organic carbon in the area with the Capparis decidua, Prosopis cineraria and the control area was 0.75, 0.31 and 0.1 tons per hectare, respectively.Soil organic matter and sand percentage under the canopy of both plant species were higher than the control. In terms of other characteristics, no significant difference was observed in the three regions. According to the results, it can be stated that the presence of plant canopy can increases the amount of carbon accumulation in the soil and led to global warming mitigation.

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