الرثاء الّدینی فی أشعار عبدالمطلب الحلّی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
لِلشاعر عَبدِالمُطَّلِبِ الحِلِّیِ اتجاهاتٌ عدیدهٌ فی قصائده، أهمُّها الرثاء الدّینی؛ لأنّه یُعدُّ من رجال الدّین، وقد تربَّی فی أُسرهٍ عراقیه لها طوابع مذهبیه شیعیه. وقد تجلَّت هذه الإتجاهات فی رثائه لأهل البیت عامه والإمام الحسین (ع) خاصّه، ذاکراً ما حدث له ولأهل بیته وأصحابه فی أرض کربلاء، حیث البطولات والتّضحیه والفداء ومن ثَمَّ الآهات والویلات لأسرته. وفی بلوره الرّؤیه الرّثائیه، یظهر لنا الرثاء الدّینی والمذهبی وکذلک نلمس البعد التّأملی من خلال ذکر الأحداث الجسیمه، من ثمَّ ندرک البعد الإجتماعی والسّیاسی من خلال مواقفه الدّینیّه، وخاصّه انتماءاته للحکومه العثمانیه ومن ثمَّ ولائه لرجال الدّین المناضلینَ. وفی ضوء هذا النّوع من الأدب تظهر فیه النّزعات والرّغبات واتخاذ المواقف الحاسمه. حاولنا فی هذه المقاله تبیینَ مواقف الشّاعر الدّینیّه من خلال الدّراسه التّحلیلیه، ذاکرین سلوک الشاعر النبیله وتحمّسَه حولَ قضایا الأمّه الإسلامیه والذّود عن الدّین الإسلامی. بعض النتائج تُشیرُ إلی أنّ الشاعر اهتمَّ کثیراً حول تبیین احداث الإمام الحسین واهل بیته(ع) وأصحابه لمناصره الحقِّ والدّفاع عن مبادئ الشریعه، کذلک بعض رجال الدّین الّذین لفَّقُوا بین الإجتهاد فی کسب العلوم الشرعیه والجهاد فی سبیل اللّه. من خلال ذلک رسم لنا الشّاعر صوراً مؤلمهً من حوادث یومِ الطَّفِّ، فیظهر لنا من خلال ذلک الرثاء الدّینی الَّذی اتخذه لبیانِ ما حَدَث وجَرَی لأصحاب الشریعه علی مَدی التّاریخ.Religious Elegy in the Poetry of Abdul Muttalib Al-Hilli
The poet ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib al-Ḥillī explores various themes in his poetry, with religious elegy being the most prominent. He is regarded as a religious scholar, having been raised in an Iraqi family with Shiʿi doctrinal traits. These orientations are particularly reflected in his elegies for the Prophet’s household, especially Imam al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him), portraying what befell him, his family, and companions in the land of Karbala—where heroism, sacrifice, and devotion unfolded, followed by anguish and suffering endured by his family. In shaping this elegiac vision, both religious and sectarian lamentation surface, alongside a contemplative depth through recounting grave events. These elements reveal his social and political views, especially through his religious positions, his affiliation with the Ottoman government, and his loyalty to revolutionary scholars. This form of literature also conveys emotional impulses and decisive stances. This article aims to analyze the poet’s religious positions using an analytical method, highlighting his noble conduct and zeal for Islamic causes and defense of the religion. Results indicate his deep concern in recounting the events of Imam al-Ḥusayn and his companions to support the truth and Islamic law. The poet also honored scholars who combined jurisprudential study with jihad, portraying vivid, painful scenes from the Day of Ṭaff as religious testimony throughout history. Keywords: Religious lamentation, sacrifice, Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), sacred sites, Abd al-Mutalib Hilli. Introduction The purpose of elegy in literature refers to the affiliation of the writer or poet in clarifying their positions through the expression they employ to convey their intentions. When we study the poems of the poet Sayyid Abdul Muttalib al-Hilli, we find in his poetic texts a clear touch of religious elegy in mentioning the incidents and disasters that befell the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), especially the Karbala incident. This expression is charged with a rich and varied imagery. When we read his long poems, scenes and images filled with sadness and pain are drawn to our imaginations, reflecting religious, moral, and emotional values. With his unique and powerful poetic talent, his authentic eloquence, and his dazzling ability, the poet was able to stand out among the most prominent contemporary poets, especially in mourning and weeping for the Ahl al-Bayt and Imam Hussein (peace be upon them), even though he has been forgotten in the history of literature. However, he and examples of his poetry are mentioned in Shiite books such as Adab al-Taf, Poets of Hillah, and Al-Tali'ah of Shiite Poets. His elegies are full of fervent emotions, and it is worth noting that his elegies for Hussein (peace be upon him) are a perfect example that poets after him emulated in expressing the injustice suffered by the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) and their tragedy at the killing of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). Materials & Methods It can be acknowledged that in contemporary poetry, the lamentations of individuals had emotional value, and after death, they caused great sorrow to their loved ones and friends, which led to the writing of lamentation poems. This research was written using library information, articles, and internet resources. The lamentations were extracted from the poet's collection and examined as a statistical population. Then, the characteristics, goals, and literary styles used in them were examined using a descriptive-analytical method. Discussion& result Examining the religious lament in the poetry of Abdul Muttalib Al-Hilli The contemporary Iraqi poet, Sayyid Abd al-Muttalib Hilli, has several tendencies in his poems, the most important of which is the religious tendency, because he is considered a prominent religious figure and was raised in a religious family. Most of the poet's religious tendencies are manifested in his elegies of the family of the Prophet, Ahl al-Bayt
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