دراسة العلامات البلاغیة المتعلّقة بمفهوم السّلام وتجنّب الحرب فی شعر سنان أنطون بناءً علي الأنماط الثلاثة للعلامة في نظریة بیرس (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
السیمیائیه الأدبیه تبحث عن دور العلامات اللّغویه فی إنشاء عمل أدبی وتکشف جوهره الدلالی من خلال اکتشاف الهیکل الدلالی للعمل. یعد تشارلز ساندرز بیرس أحد رواد السیمیائیه الذی قدم منهجًا نقدیًا دقیقًا لتحلیل الأعمال الأدبیه من خلال تقدیم الأنماط الثلاثه للعلامه. وفی رأیه، تظهر العلامه من التفاعل بین المکوّنات الثلاثه للممثّل والموضوع والمؤول. سنان أنطون شاعر عراقی والسّلام وتجنّب الحرب من أکثر المواضیع شیوعاً فی قصائده، وفی خلق موضوعاته، یستخدم العلامات البلاغیه؛ لذلک، یحاول البحث الحالی شرح تشکیل العلامات البلاغیه المتعلّقه بالسّلام وتجنّب الحرب بناءً على نظریه بیرس فی السیمیائیه وتحلیل دور مکوّنات العلامات الثلاثه فی استکمال مفهوم هذه العلامات. وفقاً لنتائج البحث، فإن العلامات تتکون من مثلث الممّثل والموضوع والمؤول، ولها ثلاث علامات فرعیه داخل نفسها. أولاً: علامه نوعیه تبیّن مدى ظهور بعض الأحداث، ثمّ یتمّ توسیعها بعلامه جزئیه ووصف لأجواء العراق المتوتّره والمتشته بالحرب والتجارب العملیه للعراقیین فیما یتعلّق بالقصف والدّمار والخوف وإنعدام الأمن، وتتّسع معناها بعلامه عامه وموقف الشاعر، وتکتمل فی قضیه الحرب والسّلام.Studying the rhetorical signs related to the concept of peace and avoiding war in Sinan Antun’s poetry Based on Peirce's three-dimensional model of the sign
Literary semiotics examines the role of linguistic signs in the creation of a literary work and reveals its semantic core by discovering the work's semantic structure. Charles Sanders Peirce is one of the pioneers of semiotics who, by presenting his three-dimensional model for signs, provides a precise critical method for analyzing literary works. In his view, signs arise from the interaction between the three components of representation, subject, and interpretation. Sinan Anton is an Iraqi poet whose peace and anti-war themes are among the most frequent poetic themes in his poems and uses linguistic signs in creating his themes. The present study attempts to express the formation of rhetorical signs related to peace and anti-war based on Peirce's semiotic theory and to analyze the role of the three components of signs in completing the concept of these signs. The findings of the study show that signs in Anton's poetry consist of the triangle of representation, subject, and interpretation and have three sub-signs within them. First, a qualitative sign that shows the nature of some visible events, and then it expands with a detailed sign and a description of the tense and war-torn atmosphere of Iraq and the practical experiences of Iraqis regarding bombing, destruction, fear, and insecurity, and its concept is completed with a general sign and the poet's attitude towards the category of war and peace. Keywords: literary semiotics, rhetorical signs, Peirce's three-dimensional model, Sinan Antun, peace and avoiding war. Introduction Semiotics is a widely used science related to all human and non-human disciplines. Literature is one of the fields in which semiotic studies are frequently used. With the emergence of schools of semiotics, different theories were presented in this science, its framework expanded, and its field of application gradually extended to literary criticism. Peirce's theory and model of the three-dimensional sign is one of the most famous models widely used in studies of literary semiotics, where the sign is divided into three components: the actor, the subject, and the interpreter, and the concept of the sign consists of the semantic relationship between these semantic triangles. Sinan Antun is a creative Iraqi poet who creates his poetic themes by creating poetic images and with the help of linguistic signs. Avoiding war and peace, rejecting religious and ethnic extremism, unity and altruism are among the most frequently used poetic themes in his poems, and his poems are dominated by the tendency of compassion and the search for peace. The current study, in accordance with the three-dimensional model of the Peirce sign, attempts to explain the role of three components of the sign, i.e. the actor, the subject, and the interpreter, in constructing signs related to the concepts of peace and the denial of aggression in Sinan Antun’s poems and the expression of qualitative, partial, and general signs. Given the broad reflection of resistance literature in Sinan Antun's poems and the emphasis on peace, stability, and security in the Middle East, studying his poems from the perspective of semiotic criticism can provide audiences with undiscovered aspects of his thoughts and worldview. Materials&Methods Based on the descriptive and analytical method and according to Peirce's theory of semiotics, this research investigates the reflection of rhetorical signs in the poems of Sanan Anton and examines the role of literary arrays in creating these signs. Dicussion&result With the help of imagination in simile and through the arrangement of words in the context of the text, Sinan Antun creates a belt of meaning and poetic connotations and hides the meaning and significance in a tangled network of connotations in the deep layers of the text. The poet compares the redness of phosphorus to the red eyes of cats, compares the poet's peaceful soul to a flower in the field, compares the dead of war to the stars of the night sky,
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