تحلیل اثرات جاذبه های گردشگری شهری بر اوقات فراغت شهروندان (مطالعه موردی: شهر خرم آباد)
آرشیو
چکیده
شرایط جدید اجتماعی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی، اوقات فراغت را به عنوان یکی از محورهای مهم زندگی مطرح کرده است. گذران اوقات فراغت، یکی از مهم ترین حوزه های عملکردی در شهرها محسوب می شود که در برگیرنده مجموعه فعالیت هایی است که شخص به میل خود برای استراحت، تفریح، گسترش اطلاعات و آموزش شخصی یا مشارکت آزادانه در زمان فراغت انجام می دهد. این فضاها، در تعادل روحی شهروندان بسیار حائز اهمیت می باشند؛ در نتیجه کارآمدی و بازدهی روحی شهروندان ارتباط مستقیمی با میزان کارآمدی مجموعه عملکردی این فضاها دارد. هدف از نگارش این پژوهش، تحلیل اثرات جاذبه های گردشگری شهری بر اوقات فراغت شهروندان در شهر خرم آباد است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد که بین اوقات فراغت، زیرساخت های شهری، جاذبه فرهنگی- اجتماعی، جاذبه های تاریخی و طبیعی رابطه مستقیم و معناداری می باشد؛ بدین ترتیب رابطه اوقات فراغت با دیگر شاخص ها (جاذبه های طبیعی، جاذبه های فرهنگی- اجتماعی، جاذبه های تاریخی و زیرساخت های شهری)، طبق رگرسیون چندمتغیره 610/0، 088/0، 103/0 و 488/0 است؛ از این رو بیش ترین ضریب همبستگی بین اوقات فراغت و جاذبه های طبیعی حاصل شد. هم چنین با استفاده از روش اسپیرمن بین اوقات فراغت و زیرساخت های شهری همبستگی مثبت و معناداری با ضریب 556/0 و با سطح اطمینان 99/0 وجود دارد؛ یعنی هرچه زیرساخت ها بهتر باشد میزان رضایت مندی خانواده از گذراندن اوقات فراغت در سطح شهر بیش تر خواهد بود. از این رو بیش ترین ضریب همبستگی در روش اسپیرمن بین اوقات فراغت و زیرساخت های شهری حاصل شد.Analysis of the Effects of Urban Tourism Attractions on Citizen’s Leisure Time (Case study: Khorramabad city)
Introduction Leisure time has become one of the key axis of life due to the changed social, economic, and cultural circumstances, and the quality of that time spent has grown in significance. Leisure time, which encompasses the range of activities one engages in for relaxation, enjoyment, personal education, and information expansion, is regarded as one of the most significant functional areas in cities. Because these areas are crucial to citizens' mental health, the effectiveness of the functional set of these areas directly affects citizens' mental and physical well-being. MethodologyThe current study has explored and offered suitable solutions that are practical in terms of its goal, the current circumstances, and the examination of the correlations between the variables. This study employed a descriptive-analytical methodology and was carried out through field research and library investigations. Techniques like questionnaires and observation have been used to gather data and information. In general, the research methodology is based on field studies and library studies, which contain reviews of books, papers, theses, and theoretical underpinnings pertaining to the research issue (the study of space patterns in residents' leisure time was evaluated). Along with the site came the completion of questionnaires, interviews with locals, and photographs of the physical surroundings. The city of Khorramabad serves as the statistical community for this study. Its population of 381,804 was estimated to have an error of 0.05 and a sample size of 175 questionnaires was created using the modified Cochran formula, with 120 questionnaires with 35 questions distributed at random among the participants. It was completed using data collected from the statistical community via a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The statistical results of the questionnaires were gathered following their preparation and design. In this study, five categories of questions—natural, cultural-social, historical, and urban infrastructure—as well as questions about leisure time—each consisting of seven questions—were posed in order to examine how urban tourism attractions affect citizens' free time. The query was posed. Free time questions were regarded as dependent factors, and these four groups as independent variables. The average of all the questions in each group was taken into account in order to compute a statistical relationship. Results The analysis's findings demonstrated that, using multivariable regression, the correlation coefficient between leisure-related variables and other indicators (natural attractions, cultural-social attractions, historical attractions, and urban infrastructure) is 610/0, 0.088, 0.103, and 0.488, respectively. Thus, the connection between leisure time and natural attractions was shown to be the strongest; which has had the biggest influence on citizens' culture and behavior. Additionally, the association between leisure time and the desired indicators—0.3721, 0.0077, 0.010, and 0.2381—is the basis for Spearman's method's coefficient of determination. This indicates that the variable variations of natural attractions account for 0.3721% of the changes (diffraction) of leisure time, with other causes influencing the remaining 99.62% and the variation in gravity accounts for 0.088 of the fluctuations in leisure time. There are common cultural and societal variables, while other factors influenced the remaining 91.99%. However, Spearman's approach shows a substantial and positive relationship between leisure time and urban infrastructure, with a coefficient of 0.556 and a confidence level of 0.99. This indicates that the more satisfied a family is with the infrastructure, the better there will be more leisure time spent in the city, which has the most influence on people's behavior and culture. Discussion and Conclusion Three fundamental components make up the city's spatial organization: social spaces, natural spaces, and artificial spaces. Every one of the aforementioned components can be crucial to urban tourism in a way that gives it the quantity and quality needed to be presented to visitors as an attraction. Due to their abundance of historical and cultural features, urban areas are frequently regarded as significant tourist destinations. Cities typically have a wide range of huge attractions that draw a lot of tourists, such as museums, monuments, theaters, sports stadiums, parks, amusement parks, retail malls, areas with historic architecture, and locations associated with significant events involving well-known individuals.The analysis's findings demonstrated that, using multivariate regression, the correlation coefficient between leisure-related variables and other indicators (natural attractions, cultural-social attractions, historical attractions, and urban infrastructures) is 0/610, 0.088, 0.103, and 0.488, respectively. Thus, the connection between free time and natural attractions was shown to be the strongest. Which has had the biggest influence on citizens' culture and behavior. Additionally, the association between leisure time and the desired indicators—0.3721, 0.0077, 0.010, and 0.2381—is the basis for Spearman's method's coefficient of determination.This indicates that 0.088 percent of the variations in leisure time are caused by gravity, 99.62% are impacted by other phenomena, and 0.3721% of the changes (diffraction) of leisure time are common with the varying changes of natural attractions. There are common cultural and societal variables, while other factors influenced the remaining 91.99%. Using Spearman's technique, however, leisure time and urban infrastructure have a positive and substantial connection (coefficient of 0.556, confidence level of 0.99), meaning that the better the infrastructure, the more satisfied people are. Funding There is no funding support.Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. Conflict of Interest The authors state that there is no conflict of interest in any part of this research. Acknowledgments The efforts of all the authors and those who guided them are appreciated.
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