دراسه الإنزیاح الإیقاعی والکتابی فی شعر نبیل یاسین (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یعدّ الإنزیاح من مصطلحات النظریات النقدیه من قبل الشکلانیین الروسیین. وهذه العملیه إحدی طرق أثریّه النص الأدبی الذی یمکن أن نعدّه الخروجَ من اللغه القیاسیه والعادیه. ویعتقد لیتش اللغوی الإنجلیزی أن أثریّه النص تنجز فی قسمین: «الإنزیاح» و«زیاده القاعده». وإنه عرّف ثمانیه أقسام من الإنزیاح. قد بحثت هذه الدراسه الإنزیاح الإیقاعی والکتابی فی شعر نبیل یاسین الشاعر العراقی بالمنهج التوصیفی التحلیلی. أبدع الشعراء المعاصرون فی اللغه والمفاهیم الشعریه عبر الإتّجاه الحداثی ونبیل یاسین واحد منهم. ونتائج الدراسه تشیر إلی أنّ الإنزیاح وزیاده القاعده أدّیا إلی الأثریّه فی أشعار نبیل یاسین. وقد تجلّی الإنزیاح الإیقاعی فی إطار الإشباع والتشدید والسکون فی شعره. ویستطیع الشاعر إنتقال المفاهیم والمشاعر إلی المخاطب عبر إختیار خاص للکلمات بسبب مشابهتها وتناغمها الأکبر مع أجزاء الکلام الأخری. وطرق الإنزیاح الکتابی فی شعره هی: إستخدام الأشکال والفصل بین حروف الکلمات والتقطیع الکلامی وإستخدام علامه التنقیط وإستخدام علامه الکتابه فی أمکنه غیر مناسبه وإستخدام الأعداد والإضافه. ولقد تمکّن إیجاد علاقه مستمره بین الکلمات والمعنی عبر الإنزیاح الکتابی. وقد تجلّی زیاده القاعده فی إطار تکرار الإسم والحرف والفعل والجمله والعبارات. وإستعمال الإنزیاح وزیاده القاعده فی شعره بهدف الأثریّه وإنعکاس الأزمات والظروف المتوتره فی العراق؛ لذلک تمتّع من هذه العملیات من أجل الإبتکار فی بنیه اشعاره ولغتها وخلق معان جدیده.Study of the phonologic and written deviation in Nabil Yasin’s poem
Deviation is one of the expressions in the view of Russian formalists. This approach is one of the ways to foregrounding in a litereay text. This can be considered as a leviol from the the stsndard language. The English linguist Leech believes that foregrounding is achieved through two types of deviation and extra regularity. He has divded deviation in to eight types. The peresent reaserch has studied phonologic and written deviation by descriptive - analytical method in the poems of the Iraqi poet Nabil Yasin. Contemporary Poets innovoted in language and poetic concepts with the trend of modernism and Nabil Yasin is one of them. The results of the research indicate that the deviation and extra regularity caused the foregrounding in Nabil Yasin’s poem. Phonetic deviation has been manifested in the form of saturation, gemination and relief in his poem. He has conveied thoughts and feeling to audience in more tavorable way thrugh a special selection of words, due to their similarity and consistency with of the poem. The methods of written deviation in his poems are: Using shapes, separation, the letters of the words, use the punctuation marks, applying punctuation marks in the wrong place, applying numbers and addition. He has been able to establish between words and meaning by written deviation. The exrra regularity is manifested in the form of repetition of nauns, adjective, verbs, sentences and phrases. Deviation and extra regularity are applyied in his poem in order to foregrounding, reflection of crises and unsettled conditions in Iraq. Therefore, he used deviation inorder to innovate in the structure, language of his poetry and creation of new meaning. Keywords: Defamiliarization, Foregrounding, Phonologic and written deviation, Nabil Yasin. Introduction: Deviation is one of the expressions in the view of Russian formalists. This approach is one of the ways to foregrounding in a literary text. This can be considered as a leviol from the the stsndard language. Deviation is a result of an approach that occurse in words and is created by the creativity of the poet in the use of unusual words. It causes the language unfamilar and unknown to the audience, makes him think and adds his enjoyment of the text. The English linguist Leech believes that foregrounding is achieved through two types of deviation and extra regularity. He has divided deviation in to eight types. Informing the audeience about the causes and highlight maker factors and analysis of the phonologic and written deviation and also investigation of Nabil Yasin’s motivations for using diviation in his poem is one of the goals of this research. According to the carried out studies sofar, no research has been done on deviation from the norm in Nabil Yasin’s poetry. This research aims to answer the following questions: What are the elements of the phonologic deviation in Nabil Yasin’s poems? What methods of the written of deviation has used Nabil Yasin’s in his poems? What are the most important motivations of the poet to use deviation in his poems. Marerials and Methods: The peresent reaserch has studied phonologic and written deviation by descriptive - analytical method and based on Leech’s veiw in the poems of the Iraqi poet Nabil Yasin. Discussion and Result : The 20th in Arab countries, especially in in Iraq, can be considered the century of awakening and intellectual vigilance because many Iraqi poets fought against colonialism and tyranny, and their poems reflected political and social events. Contemporary Poets innovoted in language and poetic concepts with the trend of modernism and Nabil Yasin is one of them. In addition to being outstanding in terms of poetic concepts, the poems of this poet are innovative in terms of language and sharp poetic experssion. He has succeded in field of the musical distinguishes his language by using of phonological deviation. so, in addition to perfecting and the musical effect of his poetry, he has helped to make the
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