تجلیّات الاستعاره الفضائیه فی أدعیه الصحیفه السجّادیه فی ضوء نظریه لایکوف وجونسون (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
الصحیفه السجّادیه غنیّه عن التعریف فهی ثالث مرجع فی تراث آل البیت علیهم السلام، وأورده الإمام السجاد علیه السلام بصیغه بلاغیه راقیه جدّاً. والاستعاره تعدّ أفضل آلیه لتصویر أدعیته التی أکثرها تنشأ عن الثقافه العقدیه وإیمانه بالله سبحانه وتعالى؛ وهذه الاستعارات الفضائیه نابعه من صمیم تجارب الإمام السجاد (ع) الیومیه، ولغته الاعتیادیه ولیست مجرّد زخرفه وتزیین فی البلاغه، فلا یمکن الاستغناء عنها أو تجاهلها، فهی حصیله تفاعل بین فکرین نشیطین، وعن طریق التفاعل تلعب الأدعیه فی الصحیفه السجادیه دوراً أساسیاً سواء أکان بین القارئ والمتلقی أم کان بین الإمام ومحیطه الذی یعیش فیه. إنَّ نظریه الإستعاره المضمونیه تقدّم لأوّل مرّه من جانب جورج لایکوف ومارک جونسون فی کتابهما "الاستعارات التی نحیا بها"، حیث رأى الاثنان بأنّ الاستعاره لیست سوى وسیله للمعرفه، تُسهم فی بلوَرَهِ التصوّرات المختلفه للإنسان، فکلّ تجاربنا فی المحیط هی بالدرجه الأولى تجارب استعاریه، ونظراً إلى أنّ الاستعاره تعتبر بنیه فی التصوّر لها علاقه وثیقه بدماغ وذهن الإنسان، لکونها تسهم فی المعرفه وإنتاج المعنى والفهم، ومن بین الاستعارات التی قام البحث بدراستها: الاستعاره الفضائیه باعتبارها نشاطاً ذهنیاً، وإنتاجها لتصورات من خلال الدور الذهنی، تنتج تفاعل بین المجالین الحسّی والذهنی وهی ترتکز الاستعارات الفضائیه على التصورات الفیزیائیه البسیطه مثل فوق- تحت، داخل- خارج والمرکز- الهامش أو الحاشیه. إنَّ البحث یعتمد فی هذه الدراسه بالمنهج التحلیلی- الوصفی، حیث یستخرج الاستعارات الفضائیه من بین أدعیه وکشف دلالاته السامیه. ومن أهمّ نتائج هذه الدراسه: أنّ الاستعاره الفضائیه فی الصحیفه السجّادیه تکمن بنیه صورّتها فی الضعف، الخضوع، الوعی، المستقبل، اللاوعی، الفشل، الانهزام، الانتصار ویستند الإمام السجّاد (ع) إلى التجارب الفیزیائیه وهی مرتبطه بالکائنات التی تحدّدها الاتجاهات الفضائیه نحو الأسفل: تحت، الأعلى: فوق، الورائیه: وراء، الإمامیه: أمام. وأهمّ الخطاطات التی تحضر فی استعارات الصحیفه السجّادیه هی خطاطه المسار العمودی فی مضمون التمرّد عن طاعه الله، الثنائیات الفضائیه فی الاستعاذه بالله من سیّئات الأخلاق، خطاطه الاتجاه والحرکه فی الاستعانه بالله عزّوجل للتخلص من الخطایا وغضبه.Manifestations of space metaphor in the supplications of Al-Sahifa Al-Sajjadiyya in the light of the theory of George Likaf and Mark Johnson
The hymns of the Sahih al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyyah of Imam al-Sajjad, peace be upon him, The book of Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya needs no introduction, as it is the third reference in the heritage of the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, in addition to containing sixty-one supplications, in the arts of benevolence, types of worship, seeking happiness, and teaching the servants how to resort to their Creator in times of distress and how to ask for their needs. And how do they humiliate themselves before the Almighty, and all of this was mentioned by Imam Al-Sajjad, peace be upon him, in a very elegant rhetorical formula. This study aims to reveal the perceptions generated from human life experiences, and there is no doubt that the human mind has an effective role in producing them by going beyond the fact that metaphor is a rhetorical decoration of texts. And the interpretation of societal knowledge, and the expansion of the space of its significance, and that is through the interaction in the relationship between the mind and human language and the environmental, psychological and social experience, and the study was carried out in the light of the substantive theory of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in their book Metaphors We Live By, where the two saw that the metaphor is only a means of knowledge It contributes to the crystallization of different perceptions of man, because all our experiences in the environment are primarily metaphorical experiences, and given that metaphor is a structure in perception that has a close relationship with the human brain and mind, as it contributes to knowledge and the production of meaning and understanding, and among the metaphors that we have studied: ontological metaphor Or existentialism, which gave us an additional basis for understanding according to our experiences with physical things, which in turn depends on the diagnosis, the containment plan, the entity and the material, to move to the conceptual structural metaphor that arises with our experiences directly, based on understanding the structure of the field mediated by the structure of the source, which is the tangible field, up to The directional metaphor as a mental activity, and its production of perceptions through the mental role, produces an interaction between the sensory and mental fields. All perceptions are related to the human mind, relying in our study on the analytical/descriptive approach as a procedure for extracting the metaphors rooted in the texts of supplications that we are in the process of analyzing and studying. The use of the space metaphor by Imam Al-Sajjad, peace be upon him, is inevitably a concern for the human self above all else, in addition to its bearing on all of our ideological, social and cultural practices, so that it gives our thinking a system for understanding things and reflects our thinking as well. Although our study is a large collection of supplications, we found metaphorical expressions, and these expressions are from the core of our ordinary, daily speech. This indicates that the supplications include among their folds and folds expressions that stem from the core of our ordinary, ordinary language. The expressions are also identical with metaphor, and thus they form part of We talk about different topics from the usual way. The spatial conceptual metaphor, which was advanced in the light of cognitive linguistics, expresses the cultural dimension of the Imam, peace be upon him, by linking the linguistic phenomenon and the cultural dimension with pictorial directional principles and then clearly expressing the process of understanding, so that the existing meanings are supposed to be expressed directionally. And then we achieve it cognitively We have come to the conclusion that the metaphor stems from the core of our daily experiences and our usual language and is not merely an embellishment and embellishment in rhetoric. It cannot be dispensed with or ignored, as it is the result of
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