بازآفرینی بافت های تاریخی بخش مرکزی شهر سقز با تأکید بر توسعه گردشگری (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
شماره صفحات:
۴۱ - ۵۸
دریافت مقاله
آرشیو
چکیده
حفظ بافت های تاریخی موضوعی ضروری برای ادامه حیات شهرها است و بازآفرینی با محوریت توسعه گردشگری به عنوان جدیدترین و پذیرفته ترین سیاست جهت حفاظت و صیانت از بافت های ارزشمند تاریخی مطرح شده است. تحقیق حاضر باهدف تبیین بازآفرینی بافت های تاریخی بخش مرکزی (محدوده ناو قه لا) شهر سقز با تأکید بر توسعه گردشگری صورت گرفته است. نوع تحقیق حاضر ازنظر هدف کاربردی و ازنظر گردآوری داده توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده است و برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از روش میدانی – کتابخانه ای استفاده شده است که با توجه به هدف پژوهش ابتدا راهبردهای بازآفرینی در ابعاد مختلف کالبدی- عملکردی، معنایی- هویتی و اجتماعی- اقتصادی جمع آوری شد، و برای بررسی ارجحیت راهبردها، تعیین وزن و درنهایت مقدار سازگاری از مدل BWM بهره برده شد. ازآنجاکه تحقیق حاضر، خبره محور بوده است، نمونه موردنظر بر اساس روش هدفمند (گلوله برفی) به تعداد 15 نفر انتخاب شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داده است که از بین 15 راهبرد مشخص شده؛ راهبرد تداوم ارتباط و اتصال میان فضاهای بافت به منظور ایجاد وحدت فضایی در اولویت نخست قرارگرفته است و به منظور دسترسی مناسب و راحت تر گردشگران به مکان های تاریخی، اقدام به شناسایی و اولویت بندی معابر مستعد پیاده راه سازی (کمتر از ده دقیقه) شده است. در نهایت با استفاده از مدل تحلیل شبکه، دسترسی گردشگران به مکان های تاریخی از سه مسیر اصلی خیابان امام و بلوار جمهوری، خیابان ملت و خیابان فخر رازی و با طی کردن نزدیک ترین و بهترین مسیر فراهم شده است.Regeneration of Historical Textures in the Central Part of Saqqez with Emphasis on Tourism Development
Preservation of historical textures is essential as the subject to continue life in cities, and regeneration has been proposed, focusing on tourism development as the latest and the most accepted policy for the protection and maintenance of valuable historical textures. The present research has been done with the aim of expressing the regeneration of historical textures in the central part (Nav Qala) of Saqqez with an emphasis on tourism development. The current type of research is applied in terms of purpose, and it has been descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection. First, regeneration strategies were collected in different indicators: physical-functional, Semantic-identity, and socio-economic, according to the purpose of the research, and the BWM model was used to check the superiority of strategies, determine the weight, and, finally, the amount of compatibility. Since the current research was expert-oriented, the desired sample was selected based on the targeted method (snowball), a number of 15 people. The research results have shown that the strategy of continuity communication and connection between texture spaces is placed as the priority in order to create spatial unity among the 15 specified strategies, and the identification and prioritization of suitable routes have been made for sidewalk construction (Less than ten minutes) for convenient access and more convenient for tourists to historical places. Finally, access to tourists has been provided to historical places from the three main roads of Imam Street and Jomhouri Boulevard, Mellat Street, and Fakhr Razi Street, bypassing the nearest and the best way using a network analysis model.
Introduction
Urbanization has been rapid in developing countries in the past few years, and cities have undergone major changes in their texture by accepting this population. Inefficient and historical textures were created in the primary core of cities over time. According to this, intervention, revival, and resuscitation of ancient and historical urban textures have become some of the basic issues in the urban planning system of countries for many years. The regenerative approach leads to complete texture restoration as the main approach in urban restoration and protection. Based on the physical texture, social structure, economic base, and environmental status in an area, the urban regeneration approach is a comprehensive and accepted process emphasizing tourism development in worn-out and historical textures, and regeneration can cause texture stability. In general, regeneration can lead to dynamism and the boom of texture to improve the situation in tourism from historical textures. In this regard, it can be said that urban regeneration is conceivable in promoting tourism among urban policy strategies to preserve and promote urban heritage in historical textures. It combines urban regeneration of new structures in line with yesterday's structures with an emphasis on tourism development in historical contexts and provides content and functionality re-creation that its construction is a cultural and social flow and its infrastructure is a completely economical and useful mechanism.
Methodology
The present research is practical in terms of type and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The required information has been obtained through library and field collection (preparation of urban land use map using direct observation) in 2022. The present research uses the superiority of regeneration strategies, emphasizing the tourism development model (BWM). So, its value is between 0-1, which indicates that the more compatibility of the indicators, the closer
this value is to zero. In this connection, this method includes steps as follows:
1- Determining a set of decision indicators,
2-Determining the best (the most important/most desirable) and worst (least important/least desirable) indicators,
3- Determining the degree of superiority of the best or most important index compared to other indices using values from 1 to 9,
4- Determining the degree of superiority of other indicators compared to the worst or least important indicators using the numbers 1 to 9,
5- Determination of optimal weights for indicators.
The expert-oriented method was used to select a sample, and 15 people were selected for this purpose in a targeted way (snowball). It should be noted that there are no restrictions, for example, expert-oriented based on the findings of the researchers, and it is not designated for a special formula and optimal limit as well. It can be considered that other studies with a sample of 10 to 20 people are done based on experts like the AHP and ANP methods, according to Mr. Saati's opinion.
Results and discussion
The evaluation showed the superiority of indicators using the BWM model in the regeneration of historical textures with emphasis on tourism development, prioritizing continuity of communication and connection between tissue spaces to create spatial unity in texture among the 15 specified indicators. For this purpose, access to the optimal routes has been specified for tourists (origin) to historical places (Domenareh Mosque, Sheikh Mazhar Mosque, Dima Kalan Mosque and Kamangar house) as destination points, according to the travel time and the distance traveled. According to this, access to tourists has been provided to historical places from the three main roads of Imam Street and Jomhouri Boulevard, Mellat Street and Fakhr Razi Street, bypassing the nearest and the best way using the available information and maps and historical places have been tried to be covered in the central area of the city (Nav Qahla) by choosing the optimal route in the shortest possible time.
Conclusion
The results of the routing and accessibility of tourists showed historical places that tourists could access from the main road of Imam Street and Jomhouri Boulevard to historical places by moving towards the three selected paths from Rahnama 2 by spending 8.40 minutes to the byways from Rahnama 3 Alley, Sheikh Mazhar Alley, Golbang Alley, and Hedayat 5 Alley in order to access faster and more convenient for tourists to historical textures. Tourists can access the main route of Mellat Street to historical places by moving from among the four selected paths, spending 7.50 minutes upon entering Bastan 6 Alley to the byways in Golbang Alley and Hedayat 5 Alley. Tourists can access historic sites using the third way as they can enter Jam 4 Alley through Fakhr Street and travel a distance of 10 minutes by crossing the side paths in Dimeh Kalan Masjid Alley, Hedayat 5 Alley, Golbang Alley, and Sheikh Mazhar Masjid Alley. These routes have been identified and selected with the right width to pass through and along the linear phenomena, considering various criteria such as distance from roads with a width of less than 6 meters, existence of incompatible uses, and distance from worn-out textures and destructive as obstacles.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
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