سنجش و رتبه بندی رضایت شهروندان از پایداری مسکن قابل استطاعت (نمونه موردی: مناطق پنج گانه شهر اردبیل) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه دولت سعی کرده تا با تأمین مسکن قابل استطاعت برای گروه های کم درآمد، به مشکل مسکن این اقشار سروسامان دهد. اما پایداری این نوع مسکن و رضایت شهروندان از آنها، بحث مهمی است که باید در خصوص آن تحقیقات وسیعی صورت گیرد. به همین سبب پژوهش حاضر با هدف سنجش رضایتمندی از مسکن قابل استطاعت شهر اردبیل و نهایتاً رتبه بندی مناطق شهر در این خصوص می باشد. پژوهش پیش رو از نظر هدف، کاربردی بوده و از نظر ماهیت و روش، توصیفی- تحلیلی می باشد و جامعه آماری آن، شهروندان شهر اردبیل می باشد. روش تعین حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول ریاضی کوکران بوده که 385 نمونه تعین گردیده است. لازم بذکر است که روش نمونه گیری این پژوهش تصادفی طبقه بندی شده متناسب با جمعیت هر منطقه شهری می باشد. به منظور بررسی میزان رضایتمندی از مسکن قابل استطاعت از آزمون t تک نمونه ای در قالب نرم افزار SPSS ، برای رتبه بندی مناطق شهری از مدل KOPRAS و برای ترسیم نقشه ها از نرم افزار Arc GIS استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داده است که میزان رضایتمندی از مسکن قابل استطاعت شهر اردبیل در حد متوسط است که بیشترین میزان به منطقه یک شهری و کمترین آن هم به منطقه پنج شهری مربوط می باشد و اینکه مناطق پنج گانه شهر اردبیل در سه خوشه رضایتمندی متوسط (منطقه یک با مقدار Qj برابر با 396/0)، رضایتمندی کم (مناطق شهری دو و سه با مقدار Qj برابر با 19/0 و 27/0) و رضایتمندی خیلی کم (مناطق شهری چهار و پنج با مقدار Qj برابر با 10/0 و 06/0) قرار گرفته اند.Evaluation and Ranking Citizens’ Satisfaction with the Stability of Affordable Houses (Case Study: Five Regions of Ardabil City)
Introduction
Currently house is not considered only a shelter. It embraces physical place, residential environment, and all services and necessity facilities for having a good life. The stability of houses is very important. There are many similarities between housing and its stability and it is clear that most par of planning is done for solving the problems of low-income groups of society including Iran. For solving housing problems of low-income groups in Iran, various policies have been implemented to increase their financial ability. Mehr Housing is one of the new patterns that the Iranian governments have proposed and executed for low-income groups. It seems that this policy means that economical aspects has been more emphasized by the governments than in-separated part or sustainable aspect. Ardabil city is not an exception to this rule. Considering the issue, the current study tried to investigate the low-income groups’ condition and evaluate housing stability and then rank and categorize various regions of the city.
Method
Current study is applied in terms of the aim. It used analytical-descriptive method to achieve the purposes it sought. Statistical population of this study included all of citizens of Ardabil. The sample size was determined to be 385 persons. Sampling was done using classified random method (considering the population of every region) from the mentioned population. Data collection was done using library sources. Moreover, field method was used for studying the background and identifying the variables. It should be mentioned that the study instrument was a researcher-based questionnaire. The reliability was confirmed by experts. The coefficient was 0.896, measured through Cronbach alpha. The number shows that the questionnaire recorded a high confidence level. To analysis the data, different methods were used. To see satisfaction with the houses, single- t-test was used in SPSS Software. KOPRAS model was used for ranking urban regions using Excel software. Moreover, Arc GIS Software was used to produce maps. In order to study variables priority or their weights, entropy model was used in Excel software and for determining the level of urban regions, cluster analysis was applied in SPSS Software.
Results
One of the main aims of the current study was investigating people’s satisfaction with houses that people could effort. For achieving the goal, single t-test was used. Results showed that except for economic, physical, and security criteria, other criteria that were measured for Ardabil city recorded middle or high levels. Generally speaking, Ardabil city ranked middle position (3.08) regarding the satisfaction of citizens with affordable houses.
Another aim of this study was measuring the satisfaction with affordable houses in 5 regions of Ardabil city. The results showed that accessibility to urban services, sense of belonging, neighbor relations, security, and ecological issues are in better situations in Region 1 than in other regions. Regarding the physical and economical dimensions, Regions 3 of Ardabil has a good condition. Since all criteria are not of equal significance, more accurate evaluation was needed to determine relative weights. So, entropy method was used for the seven criteria of this study. Entropy method output showed that the indices of satisfaction with affordable houses had different weights. Accessibility to urban services recorded the highest level (0.184), the value for physical issues recorded to be 0.158, the value for economic index was 0.153, for security was 0.144, for neighbor relations was 0.141, for sense of belonging was 0.114, and for ecological dimension was 0.106.
After measuring the weights, ranking urban regions was started. KOPRAS model was used for satisfaction with affordable houses in different regions of Ardabil. The results showed that the highest amount of satisfaction with affordable houses in Ardabil city regarding seven criteria belonged to region 1 and the lowest amount belonged to region 5. Analytical method was used for ranking different regions of Ardabil city regarding the stability of the houses. It became clear that the five regions of Ardabil were determined to be middle satisfaction cluster (Region 1), low satisfaction (Regions 2 and 3), and very low satisfaction (Regions 4 and 5).
Discussion and Conclusion
Generally, the results showed that residents’ satisfaction with the affordable houses of Ardabil city is at a middle level. The results have to do with the low level of satisfaction with economical dimension and high level of satisfaction with ecological dimension and accessibility to urban services. Another conclusion of this study is that the satisfaction with affordable houses differs from a region to another. Satisfaction is relative as it can be different from one region to another region (due to place differences). It is evident that regions embracing residential places located in the old texture of the city have a better condition rather than other regions in terms of satisfaction due to access to urban and economical services and culture textures. Region 1 of Ardabil (located in the central part of the city) is more satisfying than other regions due to proper access to urban services and as the native people of the city live in the region (security criteria). People of other regions are less satisfied with their places due to weak accessibility to urban services and as many immigrants have moved to their regions.
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