تعیین مناسب ترین مکان احداث ایستگاه دوچرخه اشتراکی با رویکرد حمل ونقل پایدار (منطقه دو شهر کرمان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
جهت رسیدن به یک شبکه حمل ونقل پایدار، حالت های مختلف جایگزین حمل ونقل باید قابل دسترسی باشد. مشکلات ناشی از حمل ونقل ازجمله آلودگی هوا، ترافیک سنگین و رشد بی حساب استفاده از وسایل نقلیه موتوری ازیک طرف و مزایایی از قبیل سرمایه گزاری کمتر، هم خوانی بالا با محیط زیست و مصرف درخور انرژی و رشد هوشمند شهرها سامانه های دوچرخه اشتراکی را برای سفرهای درون شهری موردتوجه برنامه ریزان شهری قرار داده است. یک عامل مهم در موفقیت سامانه های دوچرخه اشتراکی مکان ایستگاه دوچرخه اشتراکی در رابطه با معیارهای مختلف درخواست سفر است. بنابراین ایستگاه دوچرخه اشتراکی باید در مناطقی ایجاد شود که بتواند بالاترین عملکرد را داشته باشد. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش، بر اساس روش و ماهیت توصیفی و بر اساس هدف کاربردی است. معیارهای مؤثر (15 معیار) برای تعیین مناسب ترین مکان ایستگاه دوچرخه اشتراکی در منطقه دو شهر کرمان با توجه به محدوده موردمطالعه گزینش گردید. ضریب اهمیت معیارهای موردمطالعه طبق نظر کارشناسان و خبرگان دارای تجربه در این زمینه از روش AHP تعیین شده است. سپس به منظور به دست آوردن گزینه های ایستگاه دوچرخه اشتراکی لایه های اطلاعاتی ترکیب شده و همچنین وزن های به دست آمده از تحلیل سلسله مراتبی وارد شده اند؛ و با استفاده از توابع و ابزارهای سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی داده ها تجزیه وتحلیل شده است. درنهایت نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نمایانگر 34 مکان بهینه برای ایستگاه دوچرخه اشتراکی، در منطقه دو شهر کرمان است.Determine the proper location for Bike-sharing Station Construction Using a Sustainable Transportation (A Case Study for Second Zone of Kerman)
Extended AbstractIntroductionCurrently many factors impact transportation system of countries. Such factors as rapid population growth, immigration to cities, car ownership increase, more desire to use personal vehicles, and the challenges that public transportation face have added new values and dimensions to the urban phenomenon. The problems of transportation are usually analyzed using sustainable development and focusing on environmental, social, and economic dimensions. This in turn has resulted in the development of a new approach relying on the sustainable transportation. Accordingly, some of the main principles of sustainable urban development are decreasing and controlling the pollutants, reducing energy consumption, using the public transportation and reducing urban traffic. From among the different plans and programs that can be implemented to increase the stability of urban transportation is the development of humanistic transportation (walking and cycling). An advanced form of the programs is bicycle-sharing systems. Various factors impact the efficiency and popularity of bicycle-sharing systems. An issue that significantly impact the success of these systems is suitable location of the stations. Stations as the most significant factors in accepting such systems, possess different characteristics, and efficient plans that are made based on these characteristics is of great significance. To create a successful system, such factors as the location of the station in the bicycle network and its connection with recreation centers, public transportation, and passengers should be considered. Moreover, accessibility to such service uses as administrative, commercial and religious uses should be priorities. Geographic information system (GIS) is an important element in the decision-making and planning of accurate and timely information. Taking all the issues into account, the study sought to take some steps towards determining the most suitable place for building bicycle stations in two cities of Kerman. The following questions were posed and answered: What are the criteria for pinpointing a suitable location for constructing bicycle-sharing station for the District 2 of Kerman city? Which point is the most suitable place to build a bicycle-sharing station in the District 2 of Kerman?MethodA descriptive-analytical method was used for this applied study. The data were collected through exploring authentic journals, theses, dissertations, domestic and foreign websites, field studies and surveys using AHP questionnaire, and consulting with experts and specialists. Moreover, a part of the data were collected and analyzed using the maps and information layers of the geographical information system of Kerman city. After the criteria according to the purpose of the study were identified, the information layers were created and converted into Raster maps using GIS. Then, the criteria were hierarchically analyzed using Expert Choice software and doing pairwise comparison of specific information and the weight of each criterion in the relevant layer using the Raster Calculator tool. Then, the layers were integrated into a single map, showing the suitable places for constructing bicycle-sharing stations. Finally, the final map were produced by doing field studies.ResultsConsidering the Fifteen criteria effective in determining the most suitable location of bicycle-sharing station in District 2 of Kerman were selected. The coefficient of the explored criteria were determined by AHP method and considering the opinion of experts of the subject matter. Then, to pinpoint the bicycle-sharing station options, information layers were integrated and the weights obtained from hierarchical analysis were entered into the software and the data were analyzed using the functions and tools of GIS. The results showed 34 optimal locations for constructing bicycle-sharing stations in District 2 of Kerman.Discussion and conclusionFifteen criteria were considered for determining the most suitable place for constructing a bicycle-sharing station, including population density, distance from highways, and closeness to some places and services including green spaces and parks, closeness to sports spaces and complexes, closeness to shopping and commercial centers, closeness to mosques and religious places, closeness to health centers, closeness to high schools, closeness to universities, closeness to libraries, closeness to cinemas, closeness to police and administrative centers, closeness to bus station, closeness to public parking, and closeness to the main cross-sections. The results are in line with the results of some domestic and foreign studies. The results showed that using AHP and GIS for pinpointing the most suitable place for constructing a bicycle-sharing station has more accurate results considering the current situation and can be used in future studies. The most important results in this research showed that 14 stations are categorized into very suitable zone, 17 stations are in the suitable zone, and 3 stations are in the medium zone. Moreover, taking into account the output of fuzzy maps, the study provides the following suggestions:According to the results, 34 points were identified as suitable places for a bicycle-sharing station. The authorities are recommended that they use the results of this study in future planning for making bicycle-sharing stations.In order for constructing sharing-bicycle stations, the authorities can construct them in 14 most suitable places in the first phase, 17 suitable places, and 3 relatively suitable places in the next phases.Considering the findings, some suggestions are made for future research. Future studies can conduct such a research in other areas of Kerman and use the opinions of more experts through a collective decision-making dialogue. Other studies can do locating the stations in other Districts of Kerman by using different fuzzy operators that consider the distribution of criteria and other matters like closeness to ancient monuments
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