Educational content

Purpose: Thesis writing always has been associated with many challenges in different fields and areas and based on this, the present research was conducted with the aim of presenting a pattern of managing the challenges of thesis writing in the educational-research field. Methodology: The current research in terms of implementation method was qualitative and in terms of purpose was applied. The research population was students and graduates of the PhD period of humanities fields at the Islamic Azad University in 2020-21 academic years, which from them number of 12 people were selected as a sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation and with the purposeful sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews whose validity by 15 professors was obtained by the relative content validity coefficient method 0.84 and its reliability by the Holsti coefficient method was obtained 0.83. Finally, the data were analyzed by methods of open, axial and selective coding and thematic analysis in MAXQDA-18 software. Findings: The findings showed that managing the challenges of thesis writing in the educational-research field had 74 indicators, 13 components and 4 dimensions. The educational gap dimension has includes three components of computer and software training gap, the lack of familiarity with new research methods and the gap in the practical thesis writing course, choosing the subject dimension has includes three components of lack of paying attention to interdisciplinary subjects, lack of suitable guide for choosing subject and not lack of paying attention to students' interests, cooperation of professors dimension has includes five components of back-promising, restrictions on the selection of supervisors, scientific disability of supervisors, lack of access to professors and lack of commitment and responsibility and educational content dimension has includes two components of lack of access to first-hand sources and lack of easy access to content. Finally, pattern of managing the challenges of thesis writing in the educational-research field was drawn using the theme network method. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, planning it seems necessary to managing the challenges of thesis based on the identified dimensions, components and indicators.

Purpose: Entrepreneurship plays an effective role in creating and increasing employment, and the development of entrepreneurial talents is effective in this field. As a result, the aim of this study was to identifying and evaluating the effective educational factors on the development of entrepreneurial talents. Methodology: The method of this research was of mixed exploratory type (qualitative and quantitative). The population of the qualitative part of this research was the Iranian academic and electrical industry experts, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation, 20 people of them were selected by purposive sampling method and were subjected to semi-structured interviews. The population of the quantitative part of this research was the employees of specialized parent companies, which 218 people of whom were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method and answered the researcher-made questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the tools of both qualitative and quantitative parts were examined and confirmed and the data obtained from their implementation were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding methods in MAXQDA-V2020 software and exploratory factor analysis and one sample t-test in SPSS-V23 and LISREL-V8 software. Findings: The findings of this study in the qualitative part showed that the effective educational factors on the development of entrepreneurial talents had 66 indicators, 16 components and 2 categories; So that the category of effective educational factors has 8 components including the psychological characteristics of the teacher, social intelligence, organizational coordination, encouraging talents to entrepreneurship, leadership and management style, educational content, space and educational equipment and teaching methods and the category of development of entrepreneurial talents has 8 components including risk-taking, locus of control, need to success, mental health, pragmatism, ambiguity tolerance, dreaming and discovering and exploiting from opportunities. Also, the findings of this study in the quantitative part showed that the effective educational factors on the development of entrepreneurial talents had 66 items and 16 components in 2 dimensions of effective educational factors and development of entrepreneurial talents; So that all the items had a factor load of higher than 0.40, all components had a content validity ratio of higher than 0.70, all of them had an average extracted variance of higher than 0.50, and all of them had a Cronbach's alpha of higher than 0.70. In addition, the average of all components of effective educational factors and development of entrepreneurial talents except mental health significantly was higher than the hypothetical average (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study for improvement and development of entrepreneurial talents can be establish the field for the realization of effective educational factors on it including the psychological characteristics of the teacher, social intelligence, organizational coordination, encouraging talents to entrepreneurship, leadership and management style, educational content, space and educational equipment and teaching methods.