Fundamental rights

From a legal point of view today, although food as a human right is recognized by the international law and domestic law of many societies, like other welfare rights in practice and opinion are still in dispute. Especially with the change in the face of government in recent years and the abandonment of the views of welfare states and the tendency of governments to regulate and avoid direct intervention and undisputed influence of transnational corporations in all social spheres, as well as the pessimism of developing governments It is challenging, and thousands of similar cases have created parallel discourses alongside the right to food discourse. One of these discourses that has a historical flaw is the food paradigm as a leading commodity that sees food not as a right but as a valuable commodity. This market-oriented approach believes that the duty of governments is not a legal obligation to provide healthy and sufficient food, but governments are obliged to create the necessary conditions for the economic development of society, which will improve the food security of society.

Challenges and distinctions between human rights and individual freedoms in Iran and interna-tional law have been one of the controversial topics in the domestic and international fields in recent years. And the inner belief in the fundamental human rights and the high dignity of man has been raised and paid attention to in the most important global and regional organizations; and therefore, promoting and respecting these privileges, in the field of supporting the preserva-tion of these regulations, despite many obstacles, many of which are summarized in the "sover-eignty of governments", has traveled a very difficult path. In this article, we are trying to answer this question by using the descriptive-analytical method: can guarantee and legal guarantees for individual freedoms in the first generation of human rights in Iran in the light of the rule of law, can guarantee individual rights? In this regard, we will examine the theories of the declaration of human rights, the legal laws of the first generation of human rights; And we have reached various findings, such as fundamental human freedoms, declarations of the first generation of human rights, human rights and citizenship in Iran, the rule of law in Iran, the rule of law and human freedom, and the executive guarantee of human rights in Iran

In today's era, there are few governments willing to consider their sovereignty based on domi-nation and force, or hereditary rule and not claiming legitimacy due to the acceptance and support of the people. Although many governments maintain the appearance of democracy (show elections, puppet parties) have an absolute and authoritarian nature. Therefore, observ-ing the principles and determining the principles in the constitution along with the guarantee of implementation is a necessary and sufficient condition for the establishment of democracy in any country. Which provisions of the constitution have satisfied the establishment of de-mocracy in the constitution of Iran? This is the question of this article. The dual control and restraint of power (separation of powers on one hand and the creation of a supervisory body to supervise them on the other) is to control power (check & balance system) and prevent the body of power from violating legal limits and attacking democracy. The following items are among the important means of guaranteeing democracy in Iran's constitution. judicial super-vision (prosecution of crimes caused by abuse of power and civil responsibility); political sur-veillance (investigation, questioning, impeachment); Hierarchical supervision and public su-pervision (parties, publications, commanding good and forbidding evil, principle 8).