مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Iran


۴۱.

Iran and Egypt: Emotionally Constructed Identities and the Failure to Rebuild Relations(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: World Sociopolitical Studies, Summer ۲۰۱۸, Volume ۲, Issue ۳ 483 - 506

کلیدواژه‌ها: Egypt emotionally constructed identity Iran pride psychological constructivism resentment

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۰۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۳۹
Nearly four decades after Iranian-Egyptian diplomatic relations were severed, the two countries are yet to restore them. This is a result of the predominance of certain negative emotional attachments embedded in Iranian and Egyptian identities, which have clouded their respective attitudes toward one another. Mired in resentment against Arabism, the national component of the Iranian state identity catalyzes a disinclination to resolve problems with Egypt; in addition, Iran’s religious component carries resentment against Egypt as a state against Shia identification. The anti-western dimension of the Iranian state identity strengthens Iran’s negative emotional attachment to Egypt as a country allied with the United States and recently reconciling with Israel. On the Egyptian side, the Arab nationalism as the defining feature of the Egyptian state identity dictates estrangement from Iran and reluctance to engage with that. These negative emotional predispositions shape Iran and Egypt’s understanding of one another and, in the absence of pressing material interests, explain the continuous failure of the two countries to rebuild their relations. 
۴۲.

A Comparative Study of Historical Cultural Exchange between Iran and Ethiopia(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: World Sociopolitical Studies, Summer ۲۰۱۸, Volume ۲, Issue ۳ 549 - 572

کلیدواژه‌ها: Afro-Iranians cultural exchange Ethiopia Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۲۵ تعداد دانلود : ۴۰۱
Iran and Ethiopia have had bilateral relations for almost two thousand years. These relations were accompanied by cultural exchanges among the people, resulting in the acceptance of both nation’s cultural elements by the other. A thorough knowledge of these cultural exchanges is not only important in understanding the history of the bilateral relations between the two countries; it would also be helpful in planning future relations between Iran and Ethiopia. Therefore, this paper aims to study the important subject of “cultural exchanges between Iran and Ethiopia” through an analysis of the way in which each nation has culturally influenced the other. Based on Lahsaeizadeh’s theory of “Cultural Exchange between Different Ethnic Groups”, and through a meticulous observation of Iran-Ethiopia relations throughout history via library and field research, this paper attempts to examines the bilateral cultural influence of one nation on the other. The analysis of diverse historical documents as well as comprehensive field research indicate that while both nations have culturally influenced each other, it was the Iranian culture that had mostly influenced the Ethiopian culture for centuries in the field of language, architecture, religion and music. The reason for this strong influence is mainly the wider dominion of the Iranian civilization and culture.
۴۳.

Gender impact assessment of urban projects in Iran

نویسنده:
منبع: Socio-Spatial Studies,Vol ۲, Issue ۳, Winter & Spring ۲۰۱۸ 1 - 7

کلیدواژه‌ها: social impact assessment Gender urban projects Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۹
One of the indicators of social development, the role of women and their participation in social structures. In the past few years in the design, implementation and evaluation of development projects has been increasing attention to gender issues. As a consequence, urban projects at different levels (individual and social) that can be positive, negative, expected or unexpected, the study of the consequences of urban projects because of household supplies that must be implementation of these projects will be considered. Social impact assessment is an attempt to assess the consequences of which could have a role in improving the urban impacts of the project. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the method of gender impact assessment and its principles; Because of gender-based urban development projects in Iran, Construction and operation of its consequences can be numerous and substantial effect on the main body of society that This type of assessment can be used to improve its effects.
۴۴.

Population Dynamics of Iran from Sociological Approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: جامعه شناسی نهادهای اجتماعی دوره پنجم پاییز و زسمتان ۱۳۹۷ شماره ۱۲ 101 - 122

کلیدواژه‌ها: population dynamics culture religion intergenerational transmission Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۷۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸۷
This paper examines intergenerational transmission associated with population dynamics from sociological approach. The discussion is based on the analysis of observations in a country that has experienced substantial changes in family formation resulting in one of the world's most spectacular falls in women's birth rate ever experienced in human history: Iran. Facing fundamental historical experiences and substantial socio-cultural changes over the past decades, the context of this study acts as a unique ‘social laboratory’ to survey the intergenerational comparisons. The results of this analysis show substantial intergenerational transmission, which provide new evidence to support Sauvey's (1978) and Weeks's (1994) socio-demographic investigations in some other developing countries
۴۵.

The Commentary Tradition ON THE ILĀHIYYĀT OF THE SHIFĀʾ(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: جاویدان خرد پاییز و زمستان ۱۳۹۲ شماره ۲۴

کلیدواژه‌ها: Avicenna Shifā’ Ilāhiyyāt Commentaries Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۳۹ تعداد دانلود : ۲۲۱
This article reviews the commentary tradition around the Metaphysicsof Avicenna’s Shifā’as it evolved in the lands that belonged to Avicenna’s own cultural horizon, most of all in Iran. From this overview it emerges that this tradition is characterized by a keen interest  in textual criticism and a solid philosophical grasp of Avicenna’s metaphysical doctrines. This interest is reflected in the variety of writings that this tradition produced. The scope and quality of the surviving material are such that any future edition of Avicenna’s opus majorwill have to give this tradition its fullest consideration.
۴۶.

The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Iranian Coping Style Scale (ICSS): Associations with Individual Differences(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات روان شناسی بالینی سال هفتم پاییز ۱۳۹۶ شماره ۲۸ 8 - 30

کلیدواژه‌ها: stress Coping style Scale development Psychometrics Iran Factor Analysis

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۲۴ تعداد دانلود : ۳۶۴
Historically, psychologists have been interested in categorizing and measurement of coping styles. Moreover, development of culture-specific measures has been neglected in the coping literature. The present study is intended to develop and validate a parsimonious and broad measure of coping style in Iran. An item pool of 80 items was administered on a random sample of 911 university students in ten groups. A principled components analysis was performed on a subsample and a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the remaining subsample. Twelve concurrent measures were used to ensure concurrent validity. A principled components analysis suggested a nine-factor solution. A confirmatory factor analysis on a distinct subsample confirmed the nine-factor structure. Subscales were labeled as turning to religion, procrastination, positivity, self-blame, avoidance, seeking social support, problem solving, wishful thinking, and passivity. All subscales were significantly correlated with theoretically related constructs. Alpha coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.77 (problem solving) to 0.92 (turning to religion). The present study developed and validated the 45-item Iranian Coping Style Scale (ICSS) with nine subscales. Therefore, ICSS may be used as a reliable and valid measure of coping styles in research and clinical settings.
۴۷.

A Cross-Cultural Study about Positive and Negative Emotions and Its Relation to Health and Well-being(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات روان شناسی بالینی سال هفتم پاییز ۱۳۹۶ شماره ۲۸ 31 - 42

کلیدواژه‌ها: Health well-being Positive and negative emotions Cross-Cultural study Iran Sweden

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰۵ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰۷
This review article consists of two studies about well-being and positive and negative emotions in two different cultures of Iran and Sweden as markers of collectivistic and individualistic cultures, respectively. Study 1 compared Iranian and Swedish undergraduate students with new measurements of well-being distinguishing between cognitive and emotional components (Diener et al., 2010). Whereas there was no difference between the two cultures in cognitive component of well-being, there were significant differences between the two cultures in emotional components. Iranian students reported more negative emotions while Swedish students reported more positive emotions. Furthermore, whereas, in Iranian population, negative emotions more strongly predicted their well-being, positive emotions more strongly predicted well-being in the Swedish population. In Study 2, the same measurements of well-being and positive and negative emotions were used among Iranian and Swedish infertile women who were in an unpleasant situation and experience a significant amount of stress and negative emotions. The results of this study also showed no difference between the two cultures with respect to cognitive component of well-being. There were again cultural differences in emotional component. Infertile Swedish women reported higher levels of positive and negative emotions than infertile Iranian women. In both infertile populations, the most predictive affect with regard to flourishing was the balance affect. It was concluded that, under a stressful and unpleasant situation like infertility compared to a normal situation (such as university student populations), the same pattern of distinction between cognitive and emotional components of well-being can be still observable. However, negative emotions can act differently at cultural level: they become more noticeable in the Swedish population than in the Iranian population. The results are discussed with respect to individualistic-collectivistic dimension. <br /> 
۴۸.

Iranian EFL Teachers’ Sense-Making of Policy Reforms: The Case of the New Communicative-Based Curriculum(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۷, Issue ۲, Summer ۲۰۱۸ 169 - 193

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL language education policy Iran curricular innovation

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۷۴ تعداد دانلود : ۳۴۰
By the end of the 2020s, a change involving the substitution of the Communicative Approach to English teaching for the Structural one has been fully operative in the Iranian secondary education system. This study set out to explore the views of Iranian teachers vis-a-vis the changes introduced into the education policy of the nation since teachers as end-point policy workers play a pivotal role in the ultimate success or failure of any curricular activity. Using data from semi-structured interviews and follow-up procedures, the investigation sought to delve into how eighteen EFL teachers at the upper secondary education level made sense of changes effected at the intersection of policy and practice. Common patterns and themes were identified and presented at the level of data analysis. Despite embracing the changes, the results showed that the teachers sensed that they had been left to their own devices in translating policy into practice and that the proposed reforms were not all-inclusive in the sense that significant stakeholders including parents, school counselors, and educational leaders had been left out. They were further keenly aware of a number of obstacles in the way of policy enactment and found especially the prevalence of a regime of cramming for tests leading to the dominance of a negative teach-to-the-test culture, limited support available and infrastructural challenges, as well as resistance to change among structurally-minded practitioners as highly detrimental to implementation of change. Implications for policy, practice, and research are finally given.
۴۹.

The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Macroeconomic Variables: New Evidence from a DSGE Model(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Business and Development Studies Vol. ۹, No. ۲, (۲۰۱۷) 29-54

کلیدواژه‌ها: Fiscal policy DSGE model Distortionary taxation Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۲۴ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸۴
The purpose of this article is to analyze the macroeconomic impacts of fiscal policy in Iran using a new-Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. The model takes into account distortionary taxations on wage, dividend, and consumption, while government expenditures are broken down into consumption of goods and services, and investment. The model is calibrated for Iran based on the estimated parameters by Bayesian method. To do so, a data set from 1981 to 2016 is used. The impulse response functions illustrate that an increase in consumption tax rate has a larger impact on the contraction of the economy than wage tax rate whereas the expansionary effects of government investment is much larger than government consumption expenditures.
۵۰.

The Impact of Import and Export of Medium Technology Industries on Economic Growth of Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Business and Development Studies Vol. ۹, No. ۲, (۲۰۱۷) 139-161

کلیدواژه‌ها: Technology Transfer Medium-high technology Medium-low technology Romer’s endogenous growth model Autoregressive distributed lag Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۹۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۸۸
Technology spillover from trade channel is important. Absorbing foreign technology by the channel of importation and using the latent technology in those products create export development, increase the quality and quantity of manufactured goods, and modify management, technology improvements and production of goods with high added value; this might favorise optimal allocation of resources. Importation of medium technology commodities is used as a proxy variable for research and development (R&D) spillover effect and technology transfer that would increase the knowledge level in developing countries. Also, this process might increase the share of medium technology industries in gross domestic product (GDP) and improve the exportation of these countries. So, national development is a basis advance of technology and technological change is affected by international relations. International relations by import of society-needed goods lead to competitive advantage increase the high technology industries. In this study, using Romer’s endogenous growth model, the impact of import and export of medium-high and medium-low industries have studied on economic growth of Iran during the period of 2002-2012. In this regard, seasonal data were used in an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to examine the relationship between variables. Results indicated a positive and significant impact of import and export of medium-high and medium-low technology industries on Iran’s economic growth. Also, other variables i.e. capital stock, employment and R&D expenditure have had a positive and significant effects on Iran economic growth.
۵۱.

The Relationship Between the Facility Interest Rate and Three Main Variable of the Money Market In Iran (1986-2017)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Advances in Mathematical Finance and Application, Volume ۴, Issue ۳, Summer ۲۰۱۹ 15 - 29

کلیدواژه‌ها: Facility Interest rate Macroeconomic variable of Iran Three stage least squar Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۵۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸۶
The bank interest rate is one of the most important macroeconomic variable in each country economic. The purpose of this paper is find the relationship between the facility interest rate and three main variable of the money market.In Iran. this issue for equations the interest rate facility, the interest rate of deposit, inflation and credit risk utilizing the model simultaneous equation system and method three-stage least squares estimated. Results show that in this 32 year period the interest rate of the facility whit the interest rate on deposits is one of the most important macro- banking variable has a positive and significant relationship. So that with an increase in interest rate on deposits, the interest rate of facility also increases. It was also determined the interest rate of facility with inflation has a negative and significate relationship. This expresses with increasing inflation, the facility interest rate decreases. Because in Iran the rate of interest determined as an order, this result is not expected. The interest rate of facility and and credit risk have a positive and significant relationship, which represents it when the interest rate of facility increases, likelihood of non payment increased by borrowers. Also, inflation rate with liquidity and exchange rate has a positive relationship which is consistent reality.
۵۲.

Perceptions of EAP for Business: Fresh Findings from Academia and Workplace(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۷, Issue ۳, fall ۲۰۱۸ 1 - 49

کلیدواژه‌ها: English for Academic Purposes (EAP) English for Occupational Purposes (EOP) Needs analysis Iran workplace

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۶۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۵۸
In a scholarly convention, ESP has bilaterally focused on “academic” and “occupational” arenas leaving the symbiosis between the two almost untouched. The present study, thus, aims to weigh the concordance between what is taught in universities as EAP courses for B.A. students in Business and Economics and what English skills and abilities are, actually, required from them on the job. Altogether, 120 university teachers and 30 business managers were asked for their opinions about the existing curricula from one side and occupation-related English expectations from the graduates from the other. Triangulation of instruments using questionnaire, interview, teacher-assessment, and participant observation was applied. The results narrated not good news: considerable mismatch between the aforementioned arenas (education and occupation) and complete ignorance of oral skills (listening and speaking) in the academia, despite their vital importance at the workplace. The participants mainly emphasized equipping students with various skills required from them at work after their general English proficiency development and empowering EAP teachers with the needed content knowledge to potentially tailor university education and market. Implications of the study can include creating more practical opportunities such as simulated classes based on workshops and on-the-job training (OJT) with cooperation of the professionals in business. The findings can help educational policy-makers shift their focus to the graduates’ professional-future literacy, modify the EAP curricula with regard to real needs of the workplace and contribute to decreasing the gap between academia and labor market.
۵۳.

Investment in L2 learning among Iranian English language learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۷, Issue ۳, fall ۲۰۱۸ 131 - 168

کلیدواژه‌ها: Investment Iran EFL Learners survey

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۵۴ تعداد دانلود : ۳۲۴
Drawing on Norton Peirce's (1995) theory of investment and Darvin and Norton's (2015) expanded the model of investment, the present study aims to research investment in second language (L2) learning among Iranian English language learners. The participants included 852 male and female English language learners belonging to different age groups and English language proficiency levels. A 42-item questionnaire, developed and validated by the present authors (forthcoming), was administered online and by hand. The results showed that Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners moderately invested to learn English language and that there were significant differences in the extent of investment between male and female participants and different language proficiency levels (low- and high-proficiency learners). Moreover, the results of the study demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the extent of investment between different age groups (teenage and adult ones). The study concludes with suggestions for future research on investment in L2 learning and a discussion of how such research can impact language education policy in EFL contexts.
۵۴.

Dynamic Poverty Analysis in Rural Areas of Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش و برنامه ریزی روستایی سال هشتم تابستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۲۶

کلیدواژه‌ها: Poverty measurement Dynamic poverty Synthetic panel data Rural areas Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۶۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۸۸
Purpose - With increasing governmental revenue and budgets, their responsibility for community development and growth has increased. The first step to policy-making in order to attain the desired welfare levels is identify and measure the related indicators such as poverty in the best possible way. In Iran, most of conducted poverty surveys due to the lack of panel data cannot decompose households to transient and chronic poverty group. In this situation, the Synthetic panel data is a useful and new approach to estimates of poverty mobility in countries with only cross-sectional statistics. Therefore, based on this method we calculated the poverty dynamic of rural areas in Iran. Design/methodology/approach - The present study, initially calculates the absolute poverty line of rural areas in Iran in 2012, 2015 and 2016, and then calculates the status of mobility of poverty during those years based on Synthetic panel data approach. Finding- The results of the estimation of probability functions for studying poverty dynamics indicated that in rural areas of Iran there was a kind of state dependence in poverty. According to the results, there is a dependency state in the rural poverty situation, where more than 86% of the households who were poor in 2016 were also poor (non-poor) during the first period (2012 or 2015) and only with the probability of less than 14% of the poor (non-poor) households during the past years was in the non-poor (poor) state.
۵۵.

Corporate Social Responsibility in Iranian Agricultural Sector Governmental Public Policy Making necessities in Agri-Business Partnerships

نویسنده:
منبع: Modern Developments in management and Accounting Vol. ۱, No. ۱, November (۲۰۱۸)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Corporate Social Responsibility Agriculture Iran agri-business

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۸۲ تعداد دانلود : ۳۸۷
One of the main sector in every country is agriculture and its management is very vital for every government and every government?s wants to manage it well because it is interrelated with lots of branches for example citizens? health. Another related part is corporate social responsibility and its relation with public policy and agri-business SMEs is again vital too. This paper investigates the accountants? integrity, responsibility, compassion and forgiveness on CSR in the Iranian private sector in east and west of Azerbaijan in Iran.
۵۶.

Globalization, Corporate Social Responsibility, Agricultural sector Implementing CSR as a dynamic capability in recent modern Agri-business SMES Concerns

نویسنده:
منبع: Modern Developments in management and Accounting Vol. ۱, No. ۱, November (۲۰۱۸)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Corporate Social Responsibility Agriculture Iran agri-business

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۸۷ تعداد دانلود : ۴۰۲
The globalizing market economy is not a homogeneous structure. It seeks the emergence of a decentralized regulation of markets coupled with a cosmopolitan and liberal democracy provided by transnational institutions. During this process, the agricultural sector cannot be hidden and should choose the best practical strategies but in the area of the globalized agricultural economy, how should corporate social responsibility (CSR), of agriculture should be managed? This paper investigates the global economy and corporate social responsibility in the context of the agricultural sector.
۵۷.

Le Rôle des Femmes Traductrices dans l’Histoire de la Traduction en Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Recherches en Langue et Littérature Françaises Année ۱۳, No ۲۳, Printemps & été ۲۰۱۹ 131-141

کلیدواژه‌ها: femmes écrivaines traductrices Histoire Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۴۷ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸۶
La place et le rôle de la femme dans la société iranienne est un sujet qui intéresse beaucoup de gens. Les iraniennes sont présentes depuis longtemps dans les arts et la littérature, mais depuis une quinzaine d’années elles sont devenues les maîtresses incontestables de la scène littéraire. Si beaucoup d’iraniennes prennent aujourd’hui la plume, c’est d’abord parce que leur statut a considérablement changé depuis quelques décennies. Dans le passé par le biais de la traduction, de nombreuses femmes se sont introduites dans le domaine littéraire. Cette étude en remontant dans le temps, tente de retrouver la trace de ces femmes traductrices, cherche à montrer l’identité de ces femmes, les couches sociales auxquelles elles appartiennent, les raisons pour lesquelles elles ont opté la voie de la traduction, leurs motivations, leurs domaines favoris et les sujets qu’elles ont choisis pour traduire.Cette recherche montre qu’il y a premièrement un lien incontestable entre le choix des textes à traduire avec les conditions historiques, sociales, le niveau de l’éducation des femmes traductrices, deuxièmement la littérature pour enfant était le domaine de prédilection des traductrices dans le passé, troisièmement les traductrices ont contribué à modifier le regard déformant que les hommes portent sur les capacités intellectuelles des femmes.
۵۸.

Iran and Security Complex in the Persian Gulf(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: World Sociopolitical Studies, Winter ۲۰۱۹, Volume ۳, Issue ۱ 45 - 73

کلیدواژه‌ها: Heterogeneous security complex Identity Iran Security threats Terrorist Groups

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۱۴ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۱
This article enters into the debate on the link between security and identity by looking at the security context in the states surrounding the Persian Gulf, particularly Iran. Earlier scholarly works have approached security and identity separately, but lack a framework that connects them in a single account. The process tracing method offers a scientific approach to connect various notions in a single study, allowing the synthesis of diverse disciplines to establish links connecting them. Applying the method to the current security and identity issues of the regional states with Jundallah _a terrorist group in the eastern border of Iran_ has established a link between them and has thus enriched the current studies of the region. The main findings are that the Persian Gulf region is a heterogeneous security complex with diverse actors wielding power, and that societal threats have increased since the 2003 Iraq War. Since that year, a conflictual security complex has predominated in the region, which has destabilized the region more than before.
۵۹.

Cultural Foundations of the Iran-Saudi Arabia Conflict(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: ژئوپلیتیک سال پانزدهم زمستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۴ (پیاپی ۵۶) 181 - 163

کلیدواژه‌ها: Iran Saudi Arabia culture conflict Otherness

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۰۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۵
Since 1950s, Iran and Saudi Arabia have considered each other as a rival and competition between two countries includes a wide range of issues. This field of competition along with a number of material and spiritual factors has caused conflicts in the relations of Tehran-Riyadh. Owing to this fact, a series of perceptions have occupied their minds which can be called a discourse. The discourse consisted of a set of factors such as religion, ethnicity and the nature of the political system. This research seeks to study the role and position of culture in advent of conflicts in Iran and Saudi Arabia’s relations. The methodology of the article is based on data analysis and content analysis. The results of the research indicate that the dualization of Arab/Ajam, Shiite-Sunni antagonism, and the conservative/ revolutionary approaches are the cultural foundations of conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia. These findings show that an increase in cultural interactions, especially through non-governmental organizations and informal channels can reform perceptions and decrease tensions. Iran and Saudi Arabia can improve relations through emphasis on common grounds e.g. common beliefs, common interests in confrontation terrorism and stability in region.
۶۰.

Macro-Narratives and Development in Iran: Critique and Study of Political Culture Approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: ژئوپلیتیک سال پانزدهم زمستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۴ (پیاپی ۵۶) 184 - 205

کلیدواژه‌ها: political culture Iran Macro-Narratives

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۸۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۱۶
The present study aims to discuss a macro-narrative in the analysis of development obstacles in Iran. Political culture approach is a structural psychological approach that stresses the decisive role of culture in development and reduces the development obstacles to cultural matters. Its main suggestion is transition from tradition to modernity and its data includes psychological elements, stories and accounts. This approach was adopted by some voyagers (diarists) and diplomats to understand the third world and later some political scientists used this data to form their theories. The important question posed by this study is that why this approach adopted to study Iran and what are its implications and inefficiencies to understand the obstacles of development in this country? The findings of the study show that Macro-Narratives including political culture approach due to reductionism, essentialism, general orientation, lack of attention to the complexities of the societies and other factors are inefficient for analyzing Iran’s developments. Therefore, to understand Iran, one has to bypass the macro-narratives and applies the micro ones. The research method is explanatory by using documentary studies and critique and reviewing the published works within the framework of this approach.