درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The aim of this study was to identify the roles of school principals in improving the job performance of teachers in rural schools in Mashhad. The research was applied in terms of its purpose and qualitative in terms of its data collection method and descriptive phenomenology. Its potential participants were the principals and teachers of rural schools in the Tabadkan region of Mashhad in the academic year 1402-1403, who were selected using a purposive snowball sampling method based on theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews. In order to analyze the data obtained from the interviews, the open and axial coding method of Strauss and Corbin (1990) was used, and the findings were validated using four Lincoln and Guba judgment criteria. In total, after data analysis, 69 open codes and 7 axial codes were extracted. The results of the analysis showed that the roles of rural school administrators in the Tabadkan region of Mashhad that play a role in improving teacher performance include the role of facilitator, support role, empowerment role, education management role, cultural promoter role, incentive role, and the role of promoting creativity and entrepreneurship.

The purpose of this research is meta-analysis of the factors related to the philosophical mindset of students based on the researches published in the last 10 years. The population of this research is all the researches published in scientific journals. The sampling method was based on the Purposive sampling method. In this way, out of the total number of researches, which was 13, 3 of the researches were excluded due to reasons such as incompleteness of statistical information. In fact, studies that reported the necessary information and used correct statistical tests were selected, and studies that did not report the necessary information were excluded. The statistical sample is based on the researches that have been carried out on the factors related to the philosophical mindset of students, and their number is 10 researches (14 factors). In order to select studies suitable for meta-analysis and extract appropriate information, meta-analysis checklists were used. These checklists include researchers' names, research title, year of publication, place of implementation, statistical population and sample size, gender, educational level, research tools, reliability and significance level. CMA3 software was used to analyze the results. According to the research results, the effect size and Z calculated for 12 variables out of 14 variables are significant. Also, the largest effect size is related to t self-direction , creativity ,also the smallest effect size is related to mathematical self-efficacy and problem solving . Also, the effect size for all studies in the fixed and random model is at a high level.

This study fills important gap in literature by examining how knowledge diplomacy can drive transformation in Iran’s education. Confronting outdated policies and rapidly shifting global benchmarks, in what ways can knowledge diplomacy be harnessed to promote lasting innovation and address the systemic obstacles facing Iranian schools? Drawing on a condensed Causal Layered Analysis framework, the research explores: surface-level patterns like policy changes and international partnerships, the economic and structural forces at work, dominant cultural narratives and ideologies, and deep metaphors that influence public and institutional mindsets. By streamlining methodological exposition, the paper remains sharply focused on practical implications for school leaders and policymakers. From this analysis, four future leadership scenarios emerge: An Alternative scenario marked by heightened global engagement; A Trend-Based scenario of slow progress amid cautious modernization; An Exploratory scenario prioritizing inward-looking reforms and curriculum design; A Back-casting scenario envisioning Iran as a hub of collaborative educational excellence. The findings demonstrate that embedding knowledge diplomacy strategically not only remedies current weaknesses in Iran’s schooling system but also lays down a solid foundation for far-reaching reforms that align domestic practice with international standards. The study concludes with targeted recommendations, urging educational leaders and policy architects to adopt proactive strategies, cultivate visionary leadership, and establish flexible policy frameworks. In doing so, Iran’s sector can become more innovative, responsive, and globally competitive. Beyond its immediate conclusions, this integrated analysis advances our understanding of how knowledge exchange and policy reform interact, offering a clear roadmap for sustained progress in today’s dynamic educational landscape.

The quality of school leadership is one of the determining criteria in attracting teachers to schools and their decision to stay or leave the school. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the invitational leadership style in the public schools of Sanandaj city during the academic year of 2023 and to study the signs of invitational leadership in attracting teachers to schools. This study was implemented with a mixed-explanatory approach and data was collected from school teachers in two stages. In the first stage, a close-ended questionnaire adapted from Burns (2007) was implemented with the participation of 369 public school teachers in Sanandaj city. Based on the findings from the quantitative phase of the research, invitational school leaders were identified and qualitative data using the findings of the qualitative phase were collected. The data obtained from the results of the qualitative phase were collected using semi-structured interviews with 22 teachers. Data analysis was conducted by the three-step thematic analysis method of Attride-Stirling (2001) and MAXQDA 2020 software. Finally, eight global themes of teacher leadership, synergistic relationships, creating a family school, developing interpersonal relationships, helping teachers’ professional development, creating a supportive environment, improving strategies and creating an inviting school were identified as invitational leadership characteristics. The findings of this research, in addition to helping school principals in the attraction and retention of capable teachers, can help teachers achieve their capabilities and use them in line with the prosperity and growth of the school and apply creativity and innovation in teaching-learning process

In the era of technological developments and the significant growth of artificial intelligence technologies, educational systems are also forced to adapt to these changes. One of the most important components of quality in the educational system is the effectiveness of teachers' classroom management. The aim of this study was to study the role of artificial intelligence in the effectiveness of teachers' classroom management. This study was conducted using a qualitative-content analysis method. The research field included the information domain of artificial intelligence and the method of purposive sampling to the point of data saturation. A number of 38 units of conversation with artificial intelligence were selected for the study using a screening method (search keywords, meaningfulness of information, relevance of information, accuracy of information, quality of information). The method of collecting information was questioning from Chat GPT and Jasper. Data analysis was based on the classification of open concepts, main categories, and comprehensive concepts. To ensure the validity and validation of the data, the reliability, confirmability, and transferability methods were used. In general, the results showed that the role of artificial intelligence in the effectiveness of teachers' classroom management at five levels (cognitive, managerial, educational, motivational-psychological, and evaluation) is significant.

This study examined the structure of professional interaction networks among primary school teachers and their relationship to professional learning. Using social network analysis, we investigated 69 second-cycle primary school teachers in District 3 of Mashhad through a census approach. Data were collected using two instruments: the Teacher Interaction Network Analysis Questionnaire and the Teacher Professional Learning Questionnaire (Liu et al., 2016), and analyzed using ERGM and PLS approaches. Key findings revealed that teachers' network size significantly influences their positional capital within the network, which in turn directly affects their professional learning. While intra-school professional consultations showed a significant positive relationship with professional learning, inter-school consultations at the district level demonstrated no significant effect. ERGM analysis identified several critical factors shaping network ties: school homophily emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by out-degree based on educational qualifications, in-degree based on school role (teaching vs. administrative), and out-degree based on teaching experience. Notably, teachers with higher qualifications (Master's and PhD) and less experience were more active in seeking peer consultations, with administrative staff (principals and deputies) receiving the majority of these professional inquiries. These findings highlighted the localized nature of professional learning networks and suggest opportunities for strengthening inter-school collaboration to enhance teacher development.