بررسی تغییرات مساحت پوشش زمین و کاربری حوضه ی آبخیز دریاچه ی ارومیه با استفاده از تصاویر MODIS (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
وصول مقاله: 05/06/1397تأیید نهایی مقاله: 26/12/1397تغییرات پوشش گیاهی و کاربری اراضی در اثر فعالیت های انسانی یکی از موضوعات مهم در برنامه ریزی های منطقه ای و توسعه ای می باشد. با توجه به مزیت ها و قابلیت هایی که داده های ماهواره ای دارند، این تکنولوژی می تواند کمک شایانی به شناسایی و کشف این تغییرات نماید. در این تحقیق جهت بررسی تغییرات مساحت پوشش زمین حوضه ی آبخیز دریاچه ی ارومیه از محصولات پوشش زمین سالانه مودیس (MCD12Q1) با فرمت HDF و قدرت تفکیک مکانی 500 متر استفاده گردید. این تصاویر بر اساس طبقه بندی نوع یک دارای 17 کلاس پوشش زمین می باشند. سپس تصویر هر سال (2005 تا 2016) توسط مرز منطقه ی ماسک و با تبدیل به سیستم UTM مورد تصحیح هندسی قرار گرفت. با واردکردن جداول اطلاعات توصیفی هر سال به نرم افزار اکسل روند تغییرات مساحت پوشش های زمین در فاصله ی سال های 2005 تا 2016 تخمین زده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در فاصله سال های 2005 تا 2016 یشترین افزایش مساحت کاربری به ترتیب مربوط به زمین های کشاورزی و زمین ها ی بایر و یا پوشیده از پوشش تنک به ترتیب با افزایش 1648و 837 و بیشترین کاهش مساحت کاربری به ترتیب مربوط به پهنه های آبی و پوشش بیابانی با کاهش 1383 و 1159 کیلومتر مربع است. نسبت مساحت زمین های کشاورزی و پهنه های آبی در سال 2016 نسبت به سال 2005 به ترتیب برابر39/1و 69/0 می باشد. مساحت اراضی زراعی آبی و باغی در نقشه ی استخراجی از محصول مودیس 5860 کیلومترمربع می باشد.The Investigation of Land Cover Area Change Using MODIS Images
Introduction The ability of a system to detect changes depends on its capacity to estimate variables on a scale. In any case, observing changes at successive times is the first step towards identifying the active processes and change forces. The assessment of land use change and land cover has been considered as one of the main techniques of assessing environmental changes and has played a major role in environmental planning. Vegetation change and land use due to human activities are among important issues in regional and developmental planning. Given the advantages and capabilities of satellite data, this technology can help identify and discover these changes. Materials and methods In this research, the investigation of the land cover change of the Lake Urmia basin was based on the use of the MODIS Annual Coverage (MCD12Q1) with the HDF format and spatial resolution of 500 m. These images were categorized as Type I with 17 classes of land cover. Then, the image was taken annually by the mask region border and a geometric correction which Converted to UTM system Through entering the annual descriptive information tables into the Excel software, the change trend of land cover area was estimated between the years 2005 and 2016. Results and discussion The review of Tables 2 and 3 showed that there were significant variations in coverage over the period of 2005 to 2016. The area of the water zones had been declining since 2009. The grasslands had a relatively stable area between 2005 and 2015 and showed a decreasing trend over the last two years. Urban coverage during this period had not changed much, and the population growth seemed to be moderated by increasing urban densities. Between 2009 and 2014, water level changes were steeper than they were in previous years. In addition, since 2014, the slope had become even more intense. The area of the water zones in 2008 had a slight and noticeable decline compared to its following and preceding years. Conclusion According to the MODIS image information, the proportion of land area and water zones in 2016, compared to 2005, were respectively 1.39 and 0.69. Between 2005 and 2016, the greatest increase in the area of use was related to agricultural land and solid or dense floor coverings, respectively with an increase of 1648 and 837. The greatest reduction in the use of the area was related to water zones and desert cover, respectively with decreasing 1383 and 1159 km2. The results of the research showed that satellite images ha high potential for rapid decoupling of agricultural land, the preparation of map of different types of crops in the region, and determining under cultivation with a relatively accurate accuracy in a regional scale.
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