درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: This study endeavored to find out the possible relationship between reflectivity and impulsivity as cognitive learning styles and vocabulary/ grammar development as sub-skills among EFL learners.  Methodology: Two intact classes of the third-grade students were selected by the researchers and Oxford Placement Test was run for homogenizing them. After that, Barrat’s (2005) Impulsive/ Reflective questionnaire was given to the participants and they had to respond the translated items in a limited time. Regarding the score scale provided by the questionnaire, the participants were labeled as reflective and impulsive ones. Next, a standard grammar/vocabulary test, extracted from their book, administered to them and the scores were recorded by the researchers. Then, the scores of the questionnaires and tests sent to SPSS software for analyzing and interpreting the data. In inferential statistics, the researchers used correlation test to examine the possible relationship between the students' learning styles and their sub-skills development.  Findings: Results of the study indicated a positive relationship between the students' sub-skills achievements (vocabulary/ grammar) and their learning styles (reflectivity/ impulsivity). In other words, reflectivity and impulsivity had effect on the students' performance in sub-skills, as the reflective students presented better performance and made fewer errors than the impulsive ones in vocabulary and grammar tests.  Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that the higher the reflectivity of the learners is, the more successful they tend to be in such tests. It is expected that the findings of the research indicate the importance of learning styles in educational environment.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the criteria for evaluating the performance of Azad University faculty members using the Analysis Network Process method. The research method is mixed. The sample size of the qualitative section was 15 managers of departments who were purposefully selected by theoretical sampling strategy. Data collection was a semi-structured interview. The data obtained from the analyzed interviews were coded using the Grounded theory. Its validity and reliability were checked and confirmed using the results of three-way consensus. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. In open coding, concepts and cues were extracted from the interviews. In the selective coding stage, three categories (training, research, consulting services) were compressed and considered as the main dimensions of performance evaluation, and then four sub-components were conceptualized for each dimension. A total of twelve categories were conceptualized and then the dimensions and components were ranked using super design software. The sample size was a quantitative section of 30 faculty members who were randomly selected and the tool for collecting quantitative findings was a researcher-made questionnaire. It was an Analysis Network Process. Findings showed: The factors of consulting services, research and education are in order of priority. In education, respectively, components of teaching quality, spiritual competence, psychological competence and managerial competence, in research, respectively, components of communication competence, competence of new technologies, competence of innovation and creativity, entrepreneurship and cognitive competence. Intercultural competence, foreign relations competence, and the most and least important in the group that experts can use the above dimensions and components in evaluating the performance of faculty members.

Purpose : Considering the role of professional ethics in the success and effectiveness of other practices, the purpose of this study was determine the share of each of the environmental and organizational components in students' professional ethics. Methodology : The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of quantitative. The research population was faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran province in 2018 year with number 5921 people, which according to the Krejcie and Morgan table number of 365 people were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instrument was a 31-item researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by 12 experts and specialists and content validity index obtained 0.790 and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method for components of environmental 0.881 and organizational 0.943. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and PLS software. Finding : The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that students' professional ethics had two components of environmental (9 items) and organizational (22 items) that the factor load of all items was higher than 0.50. Also, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the model of students' professional ethics had a good fit and according to the standard coefficients of the paths, the share of environmental and organizational components in students' professional ethics was 0.250 and 0.327, respectively. Conclusion : Considering the share of environmental and organizational components in students' professional ethics, planning is necessary to improve their professional ethics through both environmental and organizational components and the indicators of each of them.

Purpose : The present research was conducted with the aim of comparison of psychomotor skills and social adjustment in elementary students with and without preschool history. Methodology : This research in terms of time was cross-sectional, in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was causal-comparative. The study population was the first to third grade students of Shiraz Kodak Afarin Educational Complex in the academic years of 2019-2020, which according to the Krejcie and Morgan table number of 144 people (90 people with preschool history and 54 people without preschool history) were selected as a sample by simple random sampling method. Data were collected by psychomotor skills test (Lincoln Oseretsky, 1950) and adaptive behaviors inventory (Lambert et al, 1974) and analyzed by independent t-test in the SPSS software. Finding : The results showed that elementary students with preschool history in compared to elementary students without preschool history significantly had a more favorable situation in terms of psychomotor skills (and all its components including touching, bending on the toe, harmonious tapping of the foots, standing on one foot, walk backwards and finger skills) and social adjustment (and all its components including violent behavior, antisocial behavior, rebellious behavior, unreliable behavior, avoidance, stereotyped behavior, inappropriate social behaviors, bad voice habits, bad or strange habits, hyperactivity tendency and psychological distress) (P<0.01). Conclusion : The results indicated the effect of preschool on psychomotor skills and social adjustment in elementary students. Therefore, to improve the characteristics of students is necessary to use a preschool education course.

Purpose: Regarded to the importance of professors' effectiveness, the purpose of this study was structural modeling of the impact of entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment on professors' effectiveness with the mediating role of satisfaction from organizational climate among professors of Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of quantitative. The research population was the professors of the Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch in the 2020-21 academic years, which based on the Cochran's formula the sample size was estimated 227 people who were selected by stratified random sampling method according to different colleges. The research instruments of the present study were the Questionnaires of entrepreneurial thinking (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 1990), professional commitment (Allen & Meyer, 1990), professors' effectiveness (Salimi & Ramezani, 2014) and satisfaction from organizational climate (Bontis, 1998). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling in SPSS-21 and SmartPLS-2 software. Findings: The results showed that entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment had a positive and direct effect on satisfaction from organizational climate and professors' effectiveness and satisfaction from organizational climate had a positive and direct effect on professors' effectiveness. Also, entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment had a positive and indirect effect on the professors' effectiveness with the mediating role of satisfaction from organizational climate (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this research, to improve the professors' effectiveness can be used by promoting entrepreneurial thinking, professional commitment and satisfaction from organizational climate.