مقبولیت اجتماعی خلفای فاطمی در پرتو کارکرد نشاط اجتماعی آیین های مردمی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
خلافت فاطمی در قاهره، برای تقویت جایگاه سیاسی و اجتماعی، به مقبولیت مردمی نیازمند بود تا در برابر خلافت عباسیان و پیروان اهل سنت مصر توانمند باشد. رویکرد خشونت بار آنها در مغرب، آسیب های فراوانی به خلافت فاطمیان وارد کرد و مقبولیت اجتماعی را از دست دادند؛ بنابراین بررسی رویکرد آنها در به دست آوردن مقبولیت مردمی و کارکرد نشاط اجتماعی از بایسته های پژوهش درباره فاطمیان است. نوشتار کنونی با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی و با رویکرد تاریخی، کارکرد نشاط اجتماعی آیین های مردمی مصر را در مقبولیت اجتماعی خلفای فاطمی واکاوی کرده است. در این زمینه، مقاله برای روشن شدن تأثیر نشاط اجتماعی در مقبولیت مردمی، کارکرد فرهنگی آموزشی و کارکرد اجتماعی نشاط اجتماعی را در زمینه توانمندسازی و مقبولیت خلافت فاطمیان برای رویارویی با خلافت عباسی و همراه کردن مردم مصر با اندیشه های تشیع بررسی کرده است. بررسی ها نشان داد برگزاری آیین های مردمی با کارکردهای سه گانه فرهنگی نشاط اجتماعی شامل کارکرد نمادین، کارکرد آموزشی و کارکرد تحمل پذیری و نیز کارکردهای سه گانه اجتماعی نشاط اجتماعی شامل کارکرد نظارت اجتماعی، کارکرد سرسپردگی به خلفای فاطمی و کارکرد انسجام اجتماعی در زمینه اهداف فاطمیان بسیار راهگشا بوده است؛ همچنین مقبولیت مردمی خلافت فاطمی را به همراه داشته است.Social Acceptance of the Fatimid Caliphs in the Light of Social Vitality of Popular Rituals
Abstract
After the transfer of power to Cairo and selection of Cairo as the capital of Islam, the Fatimids needed to strengthen the legitimacy and acceptability of their caliphate against the Abbasid caliphate and in the Sunni community of Egypt in order to continue their political and social life.
With its analytical approach and the method of collecting library data, this article examined the function of social vitality of popular rituals in Fatimid Egypt. Examining the functions of social vitality in empowering the Fatimid government and showing the glory of the caliphate and legitimacy of the government to face the Abbasid caliphate are very important. Studies have shown that the cultural function of social vitality of folk mirrors in the fields of symbolic function, education, and tolerance, its social function in the fields of social supervision, submission to the caliphs and honoring the Fatimid caliphs, and social cohesion have been very helpful and brought legitimacy to the Fatimid caliphate.
Introduction:
One of the most important demands of governments is to achieve social acceptance. After the transfer of the caliphate to Egypt, the Fatimids sought to strengthen the acceptance of the caliphate among the Egyptian people. One of their strategies for social acceptability, especially among the common people, was to create social vitality in the society. Happiness has a very effective role in ensuring the health of the individual and society and is associated with hope, self-confidence, and life satisfaction. A vibrant society is a dynamic one, which leads to creativity and innovation. This is one of the topics that if addressed properly, will open the mind, create mobility and individual and social peace, facilitate the process of growth and development of the society, and accelerate satisfaction with the government.
Materials and Methods:
This research was based on a descriptive-analytical method with a historical approach to the function of social vitality of Egyptian popular rituals in the social acceptance of the Fatimid caliphs.
Discussion of Results and Conclusions:
The Fatimid caliphs paid special attention to the social vitality of Egyptian people by holding popular mirrors, and apart from philosophical and theological principles and ways of teaching esoteric thought, they were able to cultivate their glory and power in the people. Creating social vitality through celebrations and joy showed the authority and charismatic power of the Fatimid Caliphate. With their social cooperation and solidarity and peaceful coexistence, they could play a big role in gaining acceptance, increasing their followers, combating the unworthy phenomena of the society like poverty and famine, and giving people hope for the future.
The Fatimid caliphs were able to strengthen their social acceptance and religious legitimacy by attributing it to Hazrat Zahra (PBUH) and the prophet’s household with the help of Ismaili thinkers. They provided comfort, self-esteem, and respect for the rights of the minorities and strengthened acceptance among their people in order to increase their social power and meanwhile strengthen the power of their caliphate against the Abbasid caliphate.
In the field of cultural function, the Fatimids raised the religious status and glory of the caliphate with symbolic functions. In addition, they expanded and deepened Shiite beliefs and attracted elites with their educational function so as to raise and establish an institutionalized social acceptance for the Fatimid caliphs in the society.
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